( 27 )
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annie miller aspecta medusa baron von gloeden beata beatrix carlisle wall christina georgina rossetti clark dante gabriel rossetti deverell dudley gallery edward poynter eleanor fortescue-brickdale elizabeth siddal feet fetish found gabriel charls dante rossetti george price boyce girls goblin market he story of st. george and the dragon kelmscort manor la pia de' tolomei lady louis de taeye mary magdalene at the door of simon the pharisee morris naked nude painting pre-raphaelite brotherhood rose garden rossetti sir john everett millais smeralda bandinelli study the blessed damozel vampyre william holman hunt women working men's college
SASSS DRAW |
|
: Working Men's College Rossetti Madox Brown Stacy Marks Cave Thomas V. Prinsep |
GOBLIN MARKET |
|
GOBLIN MARKET
.
, Goblin Market in St Mary Magdalene Penitentiary. .
«́ ́» ( Goblin Market) — , . 1859 , « » . 1862 «́ ́ »( Goblin Market and Other Poems), , - . — .
, () (), . , , , . , . , . , . , , . , , .

1862 . - .
, . , . , , , . , - . , . , , , «» .
, , . , , , . , , . , , , , , . , , . .
Ѹ , , , , .
. "" - . , :" , ". - uommibatto.
, . . . 
" " " " . - , . , . , , . gobble " ".
.


Laughed every goblin
Wehn they spied her peeping:
Came towards her hobbling,
Flying, running, leaping,
Puffing and blowing,
Chuckling, clapping, crowing,
Clucking and gobbling...
, , Amor Mundi Frederick Sandys and Edward Robert Hughes
Amor Mundi

Amor Mundi
Frederick Sandys
1865
Wood engraving
5 x 4 inches
Illustration for Christina Rossetti's "Amor Mundi"

, 1865 " , " .

: Rossetti GOBLIN MARKET |
BEATA BEATRIX. |
|
BEATA BEATRIX.

Beata Beatrix
, 1864 , . , , 1862 .
He began the first version of the work, now in the Tate Gallery, London, in 1864,a year after Siddal's death after finding an unfinished oil sketch that he had made of Siddal.

, . , 1864 1870 . 1864 , 1866 Hon. William Comper, 1870- , 1889 .
. " " , . , , , , . , . . - , .
- , , . . ,

, , " ". - ( - ). ( , ) . , , , , ( ?) . - , , , .
, . , .
Rossetti again represented Lizzie as Dante's Beatrice in one of his most famous works, Beata Beatrix, (1864-1870) which he painted as a memorial to Lizzie after her death. This piece also mimicked the death of Dante's love in his autobiographical work, Vita Nuova. In the work, amidst a yellow haze of relatively indistinct shapes, including Florence's Ponte Vecchio and the figures of Dante and Love, Lizzie sits, representing Dante's Beatrice. With an upturned chin and closed eyes, Lizzie appears keenly aware of her impending fate, death. A bird, which serves as the messenger of death, places a poppy in her hands. Critics have praised the piece for its emotional resonance, which can be felt simply through the work's moving coloring and composition. The true history of Rossetti and his beloved wife further deepens its meaning; although their love had waned at that point, Lizzie still exerted a powerful influence on the artist.
![]()
Frame: This smooth gold leaf frame is typical of many DGR pictures from about 1868 forward. It has a simple, rather severe mouldings on either side of very broad, shallow bevelled boards. Large roundels are set into the boards . . . usually placed singly at the mid-point of each side of the painting. In this particular case the roundels and frame inscriptions are closely integrated to the painting. The roundels were possibly inspired by the margin decorations in Plate 14 of Blake's Jobâ The Days of Creation. The texts had been used before by Rossetti as early as 1856 on the original frame of the water-color Dante's Dream . At the bottom is inscribed the line from Jeremiah, Lamentations I, i, quoted by Dante in the Vita Nuova on the death of Beatrice Quomodo sedet sola Civitas!; at the top is the date of Beatrice's death, now partly erased, Jun: Die 9: Anno 1290 (Grieve 23). The roundels placed midway on each side of the frame are contain relief representations of (at the top) the rising sun, (on the right) the stars, (on the left) a crescent moon embracing a single star, and (at the bottom) a land and seascape with the inscription 9 Giugno 1290.They symbolize, in a much more naturalistic way, the same forces that were symbolized by the schematic roundels on the frame of the 1854 Salutation of Beatrice and again probably relate to the closing lines of the Commedia ( Paradiso XXXIII. 143-145) (Grieve23).
Current Location: Birmingham City Museum and Art Gallery
https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/s168.rap.html
This version of the work differs sharply from the other oils. The background detail clearly develops the cityscape as Florence (rather than leaving the matter ambiguously Florence or London); and the accessories are quite different as well. The messenger-dove is white in this version, not red, and the poppies are red, not white. The details framing the figure of Love (at the left) are distinctive to this work as well (the arbor vitae is replaced by a wall-niche with a crucifix above. The light is also represented very differently in this work from the others. Here light suffuses the area behind Beatrice from a source that is represented as natural (as the lines of light at the left emphasize). In general, the treatment verges on a kind of realism, even though the general iconic/symbolic composition is retained.
Oil on canvas
34 7/16 x 27 1/4 in. (87.5 x 69.3 cm)
Predella: 26.5 x 69.2 cm
Inscribed top left on frame: JUN: DIE 9 ANNO 1290; top right on frame: QUOMODO SEDET SOLA CIVITAS!; and bottom of frame:
MART: DIE 31 ANNO 1300
VENI, SPONSA, DE LIBANO
He began the first version of the work, now in the Tate Gallery, London, in 1864, after finding an unfinished oil sketch that he had made of Siddal. The Art Institute’s painting is one of two replicas of the Tate composition, but it is the only one with a predella, the small panel at bottom showing the final meeting of Dante and Beatrice in paradise.
. . , . . . , " "
:" Vita Nuova , , ".
One of several versions of this subject, this painting was unfinished at the time of Rossetti's death and the background was completed by Ford Madox Brown. In this version, the poppies are red, perhaps an explicit reference to opium-derived laudanum. Another version of the painting is in the Tate collection. There are also numerous related pencil studies in the Birmingham collection, as well as a large ornamental maijolica dish painted with a scene of Rossetti's 'Dante's Dream'.
.
, . , - . , , .
The dove symbolise a messenger of death. Usually the dove represents Peace or the Holy Spirit. Here, it is the messenger of death. In other versions of the painting the dove is red, symbolising passion and death.
- . , , - , - . , .
The poppy symbolise Death. This is an opium poppy sometimes used to make the drug laudanum. Rossetti's wife died from a drug overdose.
- . 9 . " , , 9 9 1290 .
The sundial represent the passing of time. The shadow on the sundial falls on 9 o'clock. This is time of Beatrice's death in the poem.
, ? - , , , - .
Why is Beatrice's tunic green and the dress purple? Green for life, purple for sorrow. Green means spring life and hope. Purple means sorrow and death.According to Rossetti's friend F.G. Stephens, the grey and green of her dress signify 'the colours of hope and sorrow as well as of love and life' ('Beata Beatrix by Dante Gabriel Rossetti', Portfolio, vol.22, 1891, p.46).
. - ( ) -, , .
- , , .
Rossetti intended to represent her, not at the moment of death, but transformed by a 'sudden spiritual transfiguration' (Rossetti, in a letter of 1873, quoted in Wilson, p.86). She is posed in an attitude of ecstasy, with her hands before her and her lips parted, as if she is about to receive Communion. The picture frame, which was designed by Rossetti, has further references to death and mourning, including the date of Beatrice's death and a phrase from Lamentations 1:1, quoted by Dante in the Vita Nuova: 'Quomodo sedet sola civitas' ('how doth the city sit solitary'), referring to the mourning of Beatrice's death throughout the city of Florence.
: Beata Beatrix Rossetti Vita Nuova |
, . |
|

1 . . 500 .
1851 - 1860 - A typical example of his work from this period is “How They Met Themselves” (Fritzwilliam Museum, Cambridge).
1856 - He was led by Sir Thomas Malory's Morte Darthur and Tennyson's Idylls of the King to evoke in his paintings an imaginary Arthurian epoch, with heraldic glow and pattern of colour and medieval accessories of armour and dress.
- He came into contact with the then-Oxford undergraduates Edward Burne-Jones and William Morris. With these two young disciples he initiated a second phase of the Pre-Raphaelite movement.
1856 - 1857 - A new era of book decoration was foreshadowed by his illustration for the Moxon edition of the Poems of Alfred, Lord Tennyson. His commission to paint a triptych (“The Seed of David”) for Llandaff Cathedral was a prelude to the ambitious scheme to decorate the Oxford Union debating chamber with mural paintings of Arthurian themes.
1882 - Died on the 9th of April in Birchington-on-Sea, Kent.
http://www.s9.com/Biography/Rossetti-Dante-Gabriel
https://archive.org/details/somereminiscenc01rossgoog/page/n25/mode/2up
https://archive.org/stream/somereminiscenc01rossgoog/somereminiscenc01rossgoog_djvu.txt
About Charles Bagot Cayley 311-315
3. https://coollib.cc/b/440747-dante-gabriel-rossetti-dom-zhizni-v-dvuh-knigah-tom-i/read
.
1.CharlesBagotCayley (1823–1883) , , . 1866 , . .
2. , 1811 – 1890.
, . «». — , и , . « » (Autobiogr. Notes etc.)
3. HenryThomasMackenzieBell (1856 –1930) , . , . .
1828 1921 .
2 1828 , «The Athenaeum of London, literary and critical Journal, edited by J. S. Buckingham».
5. .
http://eng-poetry.ru/PoetE.php?PoetId=44
doppelgänger
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/history-doppelganger
The word “doppelgänger” was introduced by German author Jean Paul in his 1796 novel Siebenkäs.
The original form of the word did survive in the works of Prussian writer E.T.A. Hoffmann, who titled a story “Die Doppeltgänger” in 1821.
The double may also serve as a foil to the protagonist’s personality, a behavioral negative as in Hans Christian Andersen’s 1847 fairy tale Skyggen, or The Shadow.
Percy Bysshe Shelley wrote of a double in Prometheus Unbound, and later claimed to have seen his own doppelgänger before his death in 1822.
The doppelgänger in Edgar Allan Poe’s short story “William Wilson” seems to exist solely to ruin the narrator’s life.
"
," published by Edgar Allan Poe in 1839,
«́» — Ը , 1845—1846 1 1846 « » « ».
: moore liberty rossetti oxfordshire regent street la pia de' tolomei kelmscort manor burn-jones orient goods robert buchanan |
GOBLIN MARKET |
|
GOBLIN MARKET
.
, Goblin Market in St Mary Magdalene Penitentiary. .
«́ ́» ( Goblin Market) — , . 1859 , « » . 1862 «́ ́ »( Goblin Market and Other Poems), , - . — .
, () (), . , , , . , . , . , . , , . , , .

1862 . - .
, . , . , , , . , - . , . , , , «» .
, , . , , , . , , . , , , , , . , , . .
Ѹ , , , , .
. "" - . , :" , ". - uommibatto.
, . . . 
" " " " . - , . , . , , . gobble " ".
.


Laughed every goblin
Wehn they spied her peeping:
Came towards her hobbling,
Flying, running, leaping,
Puffing and blowing,
Chuckling, clapping, crowing,
Clucking and gobbling...
, , Amor Mundi Frederick Sandys and Edward Robert Hughes
Amor Mundi

Amor Mundi
Frederick Sandys
1865
Wood engraving
5 x 4 inches
Illustration for Christina Rossetti's "Amor Mundi"

, 1865 " , " .

: Rossetti GOBLIN MARKET |
|
|
|
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
.
Cyclographic Society.
, , 1848 Cyclographic Society– . Walter Howell Deverell and N.E. Green.
Cyclographic Club .
. 1848 Faust, Gretchen and Mephistopheles in Church.

1850- , . , ( ) , . - . .
, , . 1853 .
John Everett Millais
The first venture of the so-called second generation Pre-Raphaetites was the decoration of the Oxford Union Debating Hall. While Morris, Rossetti and Burne-Jones were all still involved in decorating Red Lion Square, Rossetty met Benjamin Woodwart (1816-1861), the desiner of the Gothic style chamber. It was agreed that Rossetti would gather a group of artists, in lieu of a fee they would be paid in board and lodging. Buren-Jones, Morris< Hughes, John Roddam, Spencer Stahope, John Hungerford Pollen and Prinsep all collaborated on the project. It was agreed that the cycle would include ten scenes from Sir Tomas Malory's Morte d'Arthur, an account of King Arthur and the Knignts of the Round Table. Artists used each other as models for the male figures, and relied on portfolio drawings or local girls for the females. Without any experience of painting on a wall, they applied the tempera paint directly onto the dry bric surface. Although the painted surface was glowing on complition, within ten yeas it had deteriorated and the works now appear etiolated. However the project sparkled a renewed createve impetus and a new phse of Pre-Raphaelitism began with Rossetti as its campion.
The Pre-Raphaelite murals in the old Library at the Oxford Union were painted between 1857 and 1859.

1857-1860- , : 1857 Russell Place, - " ".
https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/catalogueofameri00penn
Catalogue of the American exhibition of British art
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Poems
Tennyson's works was published by Edward Moxon in 1857 with numerous illustrations by Millais, Rossetti and Hunt.
https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/the-moxon-illustrated-edition-of-tennysons-poems
Oxford Union Building .. 1858 .
1857 . , Benjamin Woodward, . John Hungerford Pollen , . , . - , , Arthur Huges, Spencer Stanhope Val Prinsep.
- ( ), . . . : , .
, , . , . , . , , . - . . , . Lancelot's Vision of the Sangreal, Sir Pelleas and the Lady Ettarde, King Arthur and Excalibur, Sir Gawaine and three damsels . , .
, , . 1875 .
https://youtu.be/S4DbKkeqP-A

Rossetti Lancelot's Vision of the Sangreal c. 1857.


, - . ( ). - .
Sir Launcelot's Vision of the Sanc Grael
Morris, Marshall, Falkner & Co
( -) . , , . . Morris, Marshall, Falkner & Co 1861 , . ", , " , , , , . . , . , . , - . , , .
THE SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF ANCIENT BUILDINGS
1877 ~ March 22 William Morris and other notable members of the Pre Raphaelite brotherhood hold the inaugural meeting of the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings in Queen Square, Bloomsbury. The founding members are deeply concerned that well meaning architects are scraping away the historic fabric of too many buildings in their zealous ‘restorations’.
.
The manifesto of the SPAB was written by William Morris and other founder members and issued in 1877. Although produced in response to the conservation problems of the 19th century, the manifesto extends protection to "all times and styles" and remains to this day the philosophical basis for the Society's work. Applicants for SPAB membership must sign to say that they agree with the manifesto's conservation principles.
https://www.spab.org.uk/what-is-spab-/the-manifesto/
, .
1856-59 , : SirIsumbrasattheFord, ThevaleofRest, AutumnLeaves.
F.D. Maurice 1854 . Elementary Drawing. - , , , . 1858 , , -.
, « » — 1860—1862
, , : « » ( ), — , ( ).
. , . . « »
William Wilkie Collins . . , . , .
- . 1882 .
, . , Effie Ruskin, . , , , , 1868 , - Maria Zambaco.
"":
1 -
2 -
3 - THE GERM
4 - fff
...
18 - ()
19 - , ,
20 - THE GERM 1
|
|
BEATA BEATRIX. |
|
BEATA BEATRIX.

Beata Beatrix
, 1864 , . , , 1862 .
He began the first version of the work, now in the Tate Gallery, London, in 1864,a year after Siddal's death after finding an unfinished oil sketch that he had made of Siddal.

, . , 1864 1870 . 1864 , 1866 Hon. William Comper, 1870- , 1889 .
. " " , . , , , , . , . . - , .
- , , . . ,

, , " ". - ( - ). ( , ) . , , , , ( ?) . - , , , .
, . , .
Rossetti again represented Lizzie as Dante's Beatrice in one of his most famous works, Beata Beatrix, (1864-1870) which he painted as a memorial to Lizzie after her death. This piece also mimicked the death of Dante's love in his autobiographical work, Vita Nuova. In the work, amidst a yellow haze of relatively indistinct shapes, including Florence's Ponte Vecchio and the figures of Dante and Love, Lizzie sits, representing Dante's Beatrice. With an upturned chin and closed eyes, Lizzie appears keenly aware of her impending fate, death. A bird, which serves as the messenger of death, places a poppy in her hands. Critics have praised the piece for its emotional resonance, which can be felt simply through the work's moving coloring and composition. The true history of Rossetti and his beloved wife further deepens its meaning; although their love had waned at that point, Lizzie still exerted a powerful influence on the artist.
![]()
Frame: This smooth gold leaf frame is typical of many DGR pictures from about 1868 forward. It has a simple, rather severe mouldings on either side of very broad, shallow bevelled boards. Large roundels are set into the boards . . . usually placed singly at the mid-point of each side of the painting. In this particular case the roundels and frame inscriptions are closely integrated to the painting. The roundels were possibly inspired by the margin decorations in Plate 14 of Blake's Jobâ The Days of Creation. The texts had been used before by Rossetti as early as 1856 on the original frame of the water-color Dante's Dream . At the bottom is inscribed the line from Jeremiah, Lamentations I, i, quoted by Dante in the Vita Nuova on the death of Beatrice Quomodo sedet sola Civitas!; at the top is the date of Beatrice's death, now partly erased, Jun: Die 9: Anno 1290 (Grieve 23). The roundels placed midway on each side of the frame are contain relief representations of (at the top) the rising sun, (on the right) the stars, (on the left) a crescent moon embracing a single star, and (at the bottom) a land and seascape with the inscription 9 Giugno 1290.They symbolize, in a much more naturalistic way, the same forces that were symbolized by the schematic roundels on the frame of the 1854 Salutation of Beatrice and again probably relate to the closing lines of the Commedia ( Paradiso XXXIII. 143-145) (Grieve23).
Current Location: Birmingham City Museum and Art Gallery
https://rossettiarchive.iath.virginia.edu/docs/s168.rap.html
This version of the work differs sharply from the other oils. The background detail clearly develops the cityscape as Florence (rather than leaving the matter ambiguously Florence or London); and the accessories are quite different as well. The messenger-dove is white in this version, not red, and the poppies are red, not white. The details framing the figure of Love (at the left) are distinctive to this work as well (the arbor vitae is replaced by a wall-niche with a crucifix above. The light is also represented very differently in this work from the others. Here light suffuses the area behind Beatrice from a source that is represented as natural (as the lines of light at the left emphasize). In general, the treatment verges on a kind of realism, even though the general iconic/symbolic composition is retained.
Oil on canvas
34 7/16 x 27 1/4 in. (87.5 x 69.3 cm)
Predella: 26.5 x 69.2 cm
Inscribed top left on frame: JUN: DIE 9 ANNO 1290; top right on frame: QUOMODO SEDET SOLA CIVITAS!; and bottom of frame:
MART: DIE 31 ANNO 1300
VENI, SPONSA, DE LIBANO
He began the first version of the work, now in the Tate Gallery, London, in 1864, after finding an unfinished oil sketch that he had made of Siddal. The Art Institute’s painting is one of two replicas of the Tate composition, but it is the only one with a predella, the small panel at bottom showing the final meeting of Dante and Beatrice in paradise.
. . , . . . , " "
:" Vita Nuova , , ".
One of several versions of this subject, this painting was unfinished at the time of Rossetti's death and the background was completed by Ford Madox Brown. In this version, the poppies are red, perhaps an explicit reference to opium-derived laudanum. Another version of the painting is in the Tate collection. There are also numerous related pencil studies in the Birmingham collection, as well as a large ornamental maijolica dish painted with a scene of Rossetti's 'Dante's Dream'.
.
, . , - . , , .
The dove symbolise a messenger of death. Usually the dove represents Peace or the Holy Spirit. Here, it is the messenger of death. In other versions of the painting the dove is red, symbolising passion and death.
- . , , - , - . , .
The poppy symbolise Death. This is an opium poppy sometimes used to make the drug laudanum. Rossetti's wife died from a drug overdose.
- . 9 . " , , 9 9 1290 .
The sundial represent the passing of time. The shadow on the sundial falls on 9 o'clock. This is time of Beatrice's death in the poem.
, ? - , , , - .
Why is Beatrice's tunic green and the dress purple? Green for life, purple for sorrow. Green means spring life and hope. Purple means sorrow and death.According to Rossetti's friend F.G. Stephens, the grey and green of her dress signify 'the colours of hope and sorrow as well as of love and life' ('Beata Beatrix by Dante Gabriel Rossetti', Portfolio, vol.22, 1891, p.46).
. - ( ) -, , .
- , , .
Rossetti intended to represent her, not at the moment of death, but transformed by a 'sudden spiritual transfiguration' (Rossetti, in a letter of 1873, quoted in Wilson, p.86). She is posed in an attitude of ecstasy, with her hands before her and her lips parted, as if she is about to receive Communion. The picture frame, which was designed by Rossetti, has further references to death and mourning, including the date of Beatrice's death and a phrase from Lamentations 1:1, quoted by Dante in the Vita Nuova: 'Quomodo sedet sola civitas' ('how doth the city sit solitary'), referring to the mourning of Beatrice's death throughout the city of Florence.
: Beata Beatrix Rossetti Vita Nuova |
, . |
|

1 . . 500 .
1851 - 1860 - A typical example of his work from this period is “How They Met Themselves” (Fritzwilliam Museum, Cambridge).
1856 - He was led by Sir Thomas Malory's Morte Darthur and Tennyson's Idylls of the King to evoke in his paintings an imaginary Arthurian epoch, with heraldic glow and pattern of colour and medieval accessories of armour and dress.
- He came into contact with the then-Oxford undergraduates Edward Burne-Jones and William Morris. With these two young disciples he initiated a second phase of the Pre-Raphaelite movement.
1856 - 1857 - A new era of book decoration was foreshadowed by his illustration for the Moxon edition of the Poems of Alfred, Lord Tennyson. His commission to paint a triptych (“The Seed of David”) for Llandaff Cathedral was a prelude to the ambitious scheme to decorate the Oxford Union debating chamber with mural paintings of Arthurian themes.
1882 - Died on the 9th of April in Birchington-on-Sea, Kent.
http://www.s9.com/Biography/Rossetti-Dante-Gabriel
https://archive.org/details/somereminiscenc01rossgoog/page/n25/mode/2up
https://archive.org/stream/somereminiscenc01rossgoog/somereminiscenc01rossgoog_djvu.txt
About Charles Bagot Cayley 311-315
3. https://coollib.cc/b/440747-dante-gabriel-rossetti-dom-zhizni-v-dvuh-knigah-tom-i/read
.
1.CharlesBagotCayley (1823–1883) , , . 1866 , . .
2. , 1811 – 1890.
, . «». — , и , . « » (Autobiogr. Notes etc.)
3. HenryThomasMackenzieBell (1856 –1930) , . , . .
1828 1921 .
2 1828 , «The Athenaeum of London, literary and critical Journal, edited by J. S. Buckingham».
5. .
http://eng-poetry.ru/PoetE.php?PoetId=44
doppelgänger
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/history-doppelganger
The word “doppelgänger” was introduced by German author Jean Paul in his 1796 novel Siebenkäs.
The original form of the word did survive in the works of Prussian writer E.T.A. Hoffmann, who titled a story “Die Doppeltgänger” in 1821.
The double may also serve as a foil to the protagonist’s personality, a behavioral negative as in Hans Christian Andersen’s 1847 fairy tale Skyggen, or The Shadow.
Percy Bysshe Shelley wrote of a double in Prometheus Unbound, and later claimed to have seen his own doppelgänger before his death in 1822.
The doppelgänger in Edgar Allan Poe’s short story “William Wilson” seems to exist solely to ruin the narrator’s life.
"
," published by Edgar Allan Poe in 1839,
«́» — Ը , 1845—1846 1 1846 « » « ».
: moore liberty rossetti oxfordshire regent street la pia de' tolomei kelmscort manor burn-jones orient goods robert buchanan |
ASPECTA MEDUSA |
|

. 1867.
. .
Aspecta Medusa
Signed with a monogram and dated and dated 1867 at the upper right
Coloured Chalks; the sheet was extended at the lower edge
22 x 20 1/2 inches
, , ! . , . " " - ! , , , .
, . . , . , . : ( ) . , . , , , . , . . : , , . . , ( ). . ( ). . (!) Chrysaor. - , . , ( ). . , . , , - ( ?) . - ", ". - , , ( ) .
, , . . , , , .
Virginia Surtees , C. P. Mathews 1867 , 1500 , , , . , , .
Dante Gabriel Rossetti's Aspecta Medusa shows Medusa not in her monstrous form, but as a beautiful woman. According to Greek mythology, Medusa was once a maiden so lovely that her beauty rivaled that of Athena herself — which is why the envious goddess transformed Medusa's hair into snakes writhing from her head. Medusa, one of the Gorgon sisters, the most beautiful, and the only mortal one, offended Athena by being raped by Poseidon in one of Athena's temples, thereby desecrating it. Chrysaor and Pegasus were born from the drops of Medusa's blood which fell in the sea; some say that they sprang from Medusa's neck as Perseus beheaded her, a "higher" birth (such as the birth of Athena from the head of Zeus). Chrysaor is said to have been king of Iberia (Andorra, Gibraltar, Spain and Portugal). Chrysaor had one son, Geryon, from Callirrhoe, daughter of Oceanus.Anyone who glimpsed Medusa's horrific appearance would instantly turn into stone. In this picture, however, Medusa retains her original beauty. She is the typical Rossettian ideal: she has a strong facial structure, her lips are full, and her long, reddish hair has been left loose and flowing. Yet she has an air of doom about her. Medusa merges with the murky background, gazing downwards into the darkness as her head tilts ominously to the side. In Greek mythology Medusa was the monstrous daughter of a sea god. Her appearance was horrific; her hair consisted of waving snakes and she was capable of reducing people to stone by looking at them. She was loved by Poseidon with whom she lived in the mythic west. However Perseus came in search of her and slew her. At the moment of her death she gave birth to Pegasus and Chrysaor. The blood from her body was taken by Asclepius; blood from one vein was capable of reviving the dead, whereas that from another served as a lethal dose. In Greek mythology, Chrysaor (Greek: Χρυσάωρ, Khrusaōr; English translation: "He who has a golden armament"), the brother of Pegasus, was often depicted as a young man, the son of Poseidon and Medusa. However, Chrysaor is sometimes said to be a giant or a winged boar. Chrysaor and his brother, the winged horse Pegasus, were not born until Perseus chopped off Medusa's head. Chrysaor was also said to be born from the neck of Medusa, whereas Pegasus was born from Medusa's blood.
In the history of art the subject of Perseus slaying Medusa is often taken, and the single head of Medusa is also portrayed. From an early time Medusa was represented as a beautiful girl, if with horrible attributes, in contradiction of the accounts of her exceeding ugliness in Greek mythology.
Virginia Surtees has given an account of the commissioning of this subject, as an oil painting, by C. P. Mathews, in 1867 (I, 107). Mathews was to pay 1500 guineas for the work but in the event rejected the final design on the grounds that he disliked the severed head. The present drawing is a version of the drawing shown to C. P. Mathews, which is in the Birmingham City Museum and Art Gallery.
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Rossetti wrote poetry which took as its theme Perseus's treatment of the Medusa:
ASPECTA MEDUSA
(For a Drawing)
Andromeda, by Perseus sav'd and wed,
Hanker'd each day to see the Gorgon's head:
Till o'er a fount he held it, bade her lean,
And mirror'd in the wave was safely seen
That death she liv'd by.
Let not thine eyes know
Any forbidden thing itself, although
It once should save as well as kill: but be
Its shadow upon life enough for thee.
(Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Aspecta Medusa)
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Figure: Pen and ink. Andromeda, leaning against Perseus,

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1868. .
'Head of Andromeda'
1868
Red chalk
Museum no. CAI 6
Bequeathed by Constantine Alexander Ionides
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Rossetti made this highly finished study from his model Alexa Wilding in preparation for a painting. The picture was to show Perseus holding the severed head of Medusa - which turned to stone those who looked directly at it - above a pool of water, so Andromeda could safely see its reflection. The study shows Andromeda leaning awkwardly over to look.
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I have looked at the picture 'Aspecta Medusa' attentivly. Lo and behold! Medusa is not Medusa at all! Its Andromeda's head study for Aspecta Medusa. Let us compare two pictures below. The women look in different directions, but they are identical. I would like to know, if I the first one who discover this. Copyright is my.


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1867.
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: medusa rossetti aspecta |
. THE FULL LIST OF ROSSETTI'S CREATIONS. |
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**'La Donna Della Finestra', . , 1870 ? . 'La Donna della Finestra', coloured chalks, 1870, Bradford Art Galleries and Museums.
**'La Donna Della Finestra', ( ), 1881, 'La Donna della Finestra', oil (unfinished), 1881, Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery
**'La Donna Della Finestra' 1880. 'La Donna della Finestra', oil 1880
: alexa rossetti wilding siddal |
1858-59 ROSSETTI PAINTINGS |
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1858 -59 .
1859
5.Bocca Baciata Oil on panel. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA, USA.
6.Writing on the Sand Watercolour on paper. British Museum, London, UK.

Two lovers walking on a beach. The man is drawing his lover's profile with his stick.
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: mary magdalene rossetti |
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