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15 12.00 13.00 Study Group , .
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: http://vk.cc/3YFPlM
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You are learning English. Of course you want to speak naturally, as if you were American or British. But how can you do this? Here are five tips to help.
1 - use ‘get’
‘Get’ is one of the most useful – and most used – words in the English language. English speakers use it all the time! Take a look at this example:
English Learner: What time did you arrive?
Native Speaker: What time did you get there?
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http://www.trworkshop.net/ - c -.
http://accurapid.com/journal/ - .
http://www.proz.com/ - c . , , , , , .
http://www.translationdirectory.com/articles.htm - Translation Directory
http://slovotolk.com/ - .
http://unterm.un.org/dgaacs/unterm.nsf -
http://www.multitran.ru/c/m.exe?a=1&SHL=2 -
http://mozgorilla.com/ -
http://www.acronymfinder.com/ - .
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ - . , , , , ; , .
http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/ - 100 . . ,
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170- (phrasal verbs) .
TOP 170 . .
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1. . ( . - 100 ) |
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2. ( ). ( . - 330 ) |
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3. . Cambridge International Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs. . ( , - 565 ) |
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- Anna - Boris - Vladimir - Gleb - Zinaida - Ivan - Konstantin - Leonid - Nina - Pavel - Roman - Stanislav - Svetlana : - ( ) : - Darya Sobol - Igor Melnikov - Olga Volnova |
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People's body |
body –
head –
hair –
forehead –
eyebrows –
cheeks –
chin –
moustache –
arm –
shoulder –
forearm –
elbow –
wrist –
hand –
finger –
thumb –
forefinger –
middle finger –
ring finger –
little finger –
fist –
palm –
nail –
legs –
hip / thigh –
knee –
shin –
ankle –
foot –
toe –
big toe –
little toe – ( )
toenail –
heel –
eyes –
eyelashes – (eyelash – )
ears –
nose –
nostrils –
mouth –
teeth – (tooth – )
– lips
tongue –
throat –
jaw –
back –
stomach –
breast / chest –
neck –
bottom –
buttocks –
waist –
skin –
bone –
blood –
muscle – ,
scar –
Verbs
Eyes can blink (), glance ( ), stare ()
Right or left eye can wink ()
Finger can point (), scratch (, )
Foot can kick (, )
Hands can clap (), punch ( ), shake ( (), slap (), smack ()
Head can nod (), shake ( ()
Lips can kiss (), whistle ()
Mouth can mutter (), talk (), yawn (), taste( ( ), whisper (), bite (), chew ()
Nose can smell (), sniff ( , ), breathe ()
Toe can stub ( ()
Shoulders can shrug ( ()
Tongue can lick ()
Throat can swallow ()
To have a finger in every pie –
To be on one’s toes – ,
To set one’s heart on smth. – -
To give a hand –
To be all ears –
To have ones’ head in the clouds –
To put one’s feet up – ,
To catch smb’s eye – ,
To bite one’s tongue –
To be down in the mouth – ,
To keep one’s fingers crossed – ,
To be tearing one’s hair out –
To rack one’s brain –
To put smb’s mind at rest – -
To break smb’s heart –
To fall head over heels in love –
To keep one’s head above the water – ,
To see eye to eye – -
To do smth. to one’s heart content – -
To play smth by ear –
To put one’s foot in it – , -
To get out of hand –
To pay through the nose –
To feel one’s heart sink –
To keep one’s ear to the ground –
To turn one’s nose up at smth. – ,
To say smth. tongue-in-cheek – ,
To be banging one’s head against a brick wall –
To cast one’s eye over smth. – -,
To not put a foot wrong –
"":
1 - People's body
2 -
3 - "Hotel"
...
6 - - Needlework
7 - 25
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SIMPLE
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PROGRESSIVE
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PERFECT
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PERFECTPROGRESSIVE
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1. , , , , , . . 2. .
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, , , , . , , (, ). |
, , . Present: . |
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PAST
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S + Ved/2
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S + was/were + Ving
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S + had + Ved/3
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S + had been + Ving
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did + S + V1?
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was/were + S + Ving?
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had + S + Ved/3?
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S + did not + V1?
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S + wasn’t/weren’t + Ving.
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S + hadn’t + Ved/3?
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yesterday, last year/month/week
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at, when, while, at 2 o’clock
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by-, before
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: : What did he do last night?
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, : , : He was writing a letter, when I entered the room. : While I was writing a letter, he was looking through the paper. , . |
— , : I had written a letter by 7 o’clock. I had written a letter to my sister before he came |
, (when) ( , Past Perfect): I had been writing a letter for 2 hours when he came I had been writing a letter since 2 o’clock when he came. |
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PRESENT
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S + V/Vs
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to be + Ving
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S + have/has + Ved/3
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I/we/you/they + have been + Ving |
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do + S + V? |
are + we/you/they + Ving? |
[] + Have + S + Ved/3 Who has ever been to the USA?
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S + don’t/doesn’t + V
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every day, usually, never, at first, then, after, in the morning, evening, often |
now, at the moment
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twice, several times, lately, recently; yet (-) – ; already (), never, just – ; ever (-) – , ; |
since 2 o’clock, for 3 hours
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, ; Water freezes at zero. |
: I am working now. |
: I have eaten frogs twice in my life. — ; : , : - - |
: I have been reading since 2 o’clock. - 2 . |
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FUTURE
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S+will+V
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S + will be + Ving
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S + will have + Ved/3
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S + will have been + Ving |
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will +S+V?
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will + S + be + Ving?
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Will + S + have + Ved/3?
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S +will not(won’t)+V?
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S + will not + Ving.
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S + will not(won’t) + have + Ved/3
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tomorrow, next week, next month, often , every day, soon |
at, when, while, tomorrow |
by, before, tomorrow |
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, , ( ): Tomorrow I’ll write a letter to my sister (if I have time) — ( ); : I’ll often write to my sister (when she goes abroad). — ( ); , : Don’t drive so fast or you’ll crash. |
, : I will be writing a letter at 7 o’clock. , , : He will be writing a letter when I come. — , ; : I will be writing a letter while he will be looking through the newspaper. — , . |
— , : I’ll have written the letter by 7 o’clock. I’ll have written the letter before he comes. |
She will has been writing the letter for 2 hours when he comes. |
"":
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 - Present Simple
5 - such, so
6 - there Is..., there are
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Present Simple |
Present Simple, , , .
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() Study the following situation: |
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Norman is a swimmer.
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We use the present simple to talk about things in general. We are not thinking only about the present. We use it to say that something happens all the time or repeatedly, or that something is true in general. It is not important whether the action is happening at the time of speaking. permanent situation or state She works as a nurse. He owns a small shop. 2) repeated/habitual actions (especially with frequency adverbs: often, usually etc) - I get up at 6 o'clock every morning 3) permanent truths or laws of nature - Water boils at 100 degrees Centigrade. 4) timetables/programmes (future meaning) The train leaves at 6.00 The match finishes at 8.30 5) rewiews/sports commentaries/dramatic narratives Jonny Depp acts brilliantly in the film. |
present simple, , , . , , . , :
. . 2) ( ) - 6
- 1000 . 4) , ( ) 6.00. 8.30. 5) // . |
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Remember that we say he / she / it -s. |
, : he / she / it -s. |
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(b) We use do / does to make questions and negative sentence. |
(b) do / does, . |
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(c) Note that we say 'Where do you come from?' ( = Where are you from?' ) |
(c) , : 'Where do you come from?, ' |
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- Where do you come from? |
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(d) When you make a suggestion, you can say Why don't you … ? |
(d) -, Why don't you … ? |
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- 'I'm tired.' |
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1 -
2 -
3 -
4 - Present Simple
5 - such, so
6 - there Is..., there are
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- Needlework |
3-needle joining technique
. , , , ,
| Abandon | |
| Accented increase (acc inc) | ( , , , , , , , . , , 1-2-3 ., ) |
| According to | |
| Accordingly (acc) | , |
| Acrylic | |
| Alike, similary | , |
| All | |
| Also | |
| Alternate(ly) (alt) | (alt K2, P2 - 2*2) |
| Alternate(alternating) row (alt row) | , (), ( - , ) |
| Altogether (altog) | |
| Always | |
| Approximate(ly) (approx) | |
| Arm (sleeve) | () |
| Armhole | |
| As | |
| Aside | () |
| Assembly | |
| At the same time | , |
| B & T | (break off yarn and thread through stitches on needle) - |
| Back | , |
| Back-and-forth | - ( ) |
| Back loop (of st) | , () |
| Back loop only (BLO) | () |
| Back post double crochet (BP dc) | ( ) |
| Back post half double crochet (bphdc) | 1 , (, , , , , 3 . - . .. . ) |
| Back post single crochet (BPSC) | |
| Back post treble crochet (BPTR) | 2 - 2 , , , (, 2 . ) 3 . |
| Back, through of loop | , |
| Backstitch | « » |
| Ball | |
| Begin (beginning) (beg) | , |
| Belt | |
| Between (bet) | |
| Bind off (BO) | |
| Blend | ( ) |
| Block(s) (bl(s)) | : - |
| Blocking | (- ) , , , |
| Bobble | , |
| Bobble i | : 6 1 , 1 , 1 , , 4 , , 4 , , 2 2 , 2 . |
| Bobble ii | : , 5 ( ), , 4 .. , 2,3,4,5 , , , |
| Body | |
| Border | , |
| Boucle | |
| Buttons | () |
| Buttonhole | |
| Cable (braids) | () |
| Cable needle (cn) | , |
| Cap | , ; |
| Cardigan | / |
| Carry out | |
| Cast on (CO), pick up | |
| Cast off /bend off /fasten off, casting/binding off | , |
| Casting (eg for elastic) | ( " ") |
| Center | |
| Centre front/back | / |
| Central double increase (CDI) | 2- : , : 3 |
| Central stitch | |
| Chain(s), chain stitch(s) (ch(s)) | , |
| Chain(s) space (ch sp) | |
| Change | |
| Chenille | |
| Chest measurement | |
| Circular | |
| Circular needle | |
| Cluster(s) (cl(s)) | (, , ) |
| Collar | () |
| Colour (col) | |
| Complete length | |
| Continue (cont) | |
| Contrasting color (CC) | |
| Cotton | |
| Criss-cross(ed) | () (to the left - , to the right - ) |
| Crochet | |
| Crochet border | |
| Crochet hook | |
| Cross | , |
| Cross stitch (cr st - fcr, bcr) | , (front/back cross stitch - / ) |
| Crossed double crochet (Cr dc) | |
| Cuff | () |
| Curved | |
| Cut (of a garment) | (deep neckline - , V-neck - , V-) |
| Decrease(s), -ing(s) (dec(s)) | () |
| Density | |
| Diagram | |
| Distribute | |
| Divide | |
| Divide at the center | |
| Double crochet (dc) | [ ] |
| Double decrease (DD) | 2- : 2 , , 1 , 2 |
| Double double treble crochet (ddtc) | |
| Double treble crochet (dtr, dbl tr) | [ ] |
| Double pointed needle (DP or dpn) | / |
| Draw through a loop | () |
| Dress | |
| Drop (a stitch) | () |
| Duplicate (dup) | |
| Each | |
| Edge, selvedge | , |
| Edge stitch (edge st) | |
| Elastic | |
| End | |
| Established (est) | |
| Every other row (EOR) | |
| Even | |
| Embroidery | |
| Every | |
| Except | , , |
| Explanation | |
| Eyelet pattern | |
| Explanation of symbols | |
| Extended single crochet | ( , , , , ) - |
| Fan | ( . *. ., ..* * * 4 , . .) |
| Fasten off | , |
| Finishing | |
| First | |
| Fold | () |
| Following (foll) | |
| From * to * | * * |
| Front | ( ) |
| Front band | , |
| Front band (with buttonholes) | ( ) |
| Front loop | |
| Front loop only | |
| Front piece, right side (RS) | , |
| Front post dc (FP dc) | ( ) |
| Front post half double crochet (fphdc) | 1 , : , , , , , 3 . ( . .. . ) |
| Front post single crochet (Fpsc) | |
| Front post treble crochet (Fptr) | 2 |
| Front side (of work) | () |
| Garter stitch (garter st, gst) | |
| Gauge | ( density); |
| Gloves | |
| Grab | |
| Graft (grafting) | |
| Grams (g - gr) | |
| Half double crochet (hdc) | |
| Hank of yarn | |
| Hem | |
| Hips | |
| Half treble crochet (htr) | [ ] |
| Hat | |
| Hole, opening | |
| Hook (hk) | |
| Inch | (1 = 2,54 ) |
| Inclination, slope | |
| Including | |
| Increase (inc) | , |
| Inwards | , |
| Join | |
| Knit (stitch) (K) | () |
| Knit | |
| Knit into back of stich | |
| Knit 1 in back loop of stitch (K1b) | |
| Knit one, purl one (k1p1) | , |
| Knit two (2) stitches together (K2tog) | ( ) |
| Knitting needle (round; straight) | (; ) |
| Knit row | |
| Knit up stitches | |
| Knitting | |
| Knitting needle | |
| Knitting pattern | , , |
| Knitwise (kwise) | |
| Knot | |
| Lace | , |
| Last | |
| Leave remaining | () |
| Left | |
| Left hand needle (LH) | |
| Left side (LS) | |
| Length | |
| Lengthwise | |
| Like this | |
| Long | , |
| Loop(s) (lp(s)) | (), (); — |
| Main color (MC) | |
| Make bobble (mb) | |
| Make loop (ML) | 1, , 1-2 , , |
| Make one (M1) | ; |
| Make one picot (M1P) | c 1 |
| Make tassel (MT) | / ( , , 2 5 , , ) |
| Marker | |
| Marking thread (MT) | |
| Measures (meas) | , |
| Measurment | |
| Mirrored | , |
| Miss/pass over/skip | (, ) |
| Mittens | , , (??) |
| Mohair | |
| Months | |
| Moss stitch | «» |
| Multiple mult | |
| Neck | |
| Neckband | |
| Neckline | () |
| Needle | ; (sewing) |
| Notes | |
| Number (no) | |
| Number of rows | |
| Number of rows in length | |
| Odd | |
| Odd number of row | |
| Odd number of stitches | |
| One | () |
| One size | / |
| Only | |
| Opening, hole | |
| Openwork | |
| Opposite side | , |
| Or | |
| Ounce(s) (Oz) | - 28,35. |
| Over | , , |
| Over each other | |
| Pass slip stitch over (psso) | |
| Pattern(s) (patt(s)) | , |
| Pattern chart | |
| Pick up, cast on | |
| Pick up and knit | |
| Pick up and purl | |
| Picot (p) | |
| Pin | (safety pin - ) |
| Place | |
| Place marker (pm) | (, , ) |
| Place on stitch holder | - |
| Plain knitting | .., |
| Pleat | |
| Pound (lbs) | 1 (456 ) |
| Previous (prev) | |
| Previous row | e |
| Puff stitch (ps) | |
| Pullover/sweater | / |
| Purl (stitch) (P) | () |
| Purl 1 in back loop of stitch (P1b) | |
| Purl two (2) stitches together (P2tog) | |
| Purl-wise - as though to purl (p-wise) | |
| Quadruple treble crochet (qtr) | [ ] |
| Raglan | |
| Rayon | |
| Remain(ing) (rem) | - |
| Remove | |
| Repeat(ing) (rep) | |
| Repeat (rapport) | () |
| Reverse | , |
| Reverse sc, crab stitch | |
| Reverse stockinette stitch (rev st st) | |
| Rib(s) | (), |
| Ribbed knitting | |
| Ribbon | |
| Ridge(s) | : 1) , 1- .. , . . . 2) , . |
| Right | |
| Right (hand) needle (RH) | |
| Right front | ( ) |
| Right side (RS) | , |
| Right Side Row (RSR) | |
| Round(s) (rnd(s)) | , |
| Row | ( ) |
| Row of eyelet holes | |
| Same | () |
| Scallop | ( . . ., .., . ., .., . .) |
| Scarf | |
| Scissors | |
| Seam | |
| Second | |
| Seed stitch (seed st) | (1,1, , ); ""; |
| Selvedge, edge | , |
| Seperate, seperated | , |
| Sew | |
| Sew seams | () |
| Shape | , |
| Shawl | |
| Shell | (, 3 dc worked in the same space - 3 , ) |
| Short | |
| Shoulder | |
| Shoulder seams | |
| Silk | |
| Single crochet (sc) | |
| Single-pointed needles (SP or spn) | |
| Size | |
| Skein | |
| Skip (sk) | |
| Skip a stitch | |
| Skirt | |
| Sleeve | |
| Sleeve top/cap shaping | (, ) |
| Slip (sl) | |
| Slip bead (SB1) | |
| Slip one knitwise (sl1 kw) | 1 . . |
| Slip(ped) stitch | ( ) - |
| Slip stitch (sl st) | - [ ] |
| Slip, slip, knit (ssk) | ( , , ) |
| Slip, slip, purl (ssp) | ( , , , ) |
| Slope, inclination | , |
| Small | |
| Socks | |
| Space(s) (sp(s)) | , , |
| Split | |
| Stitch(es) (st(s)) | (); ( sewing) |
| Stitch holder | - |
| Stockinette stitch (St st, s/s) | , |
| Straight | |
| Stretch | |
| Stripes | |
| Suitable | |
| Sweater | |
| Take in / decrease | |
| Take out | |
| Then | |
| Thread | |
| Throat | |
| Through | |
| Through back of loop (tbl) | |
| Through front of loop (tfl) | |
| Thrown stitch | , |
| Times | |
| To make up/join | , |
| Together (tog) | |
| Top shaping | (, ) |
| Transfer | |
| Treble cluster (tr cluster) | () .2. |
| Treble crochet (tr, trc) | 2 [ ] |
| Trim | |
| Triple treble crochet (trtr) | 4 [ ] |
| Turn | |
| Turning chain | (), , |
| Turtle neck sweater | |
| Twisted (up) | |
| Twisted knit stitch (tK, twisted k St) | |
| Twisted or crossed stitch | |
| Variegated yarn | |
| Vest | |
| Viscose | |
| Visible Increase (VI) | ( , . ) |
| Waist | |
| Whipstitch | , |
| Wind (wound) around (stitch) | , |
| With yarn in back (wyib) | |
| With yarn in front (wyif) | |
| Wool | |
| Work even | |
| Work off | (3 dc worked off tog [3 tr worked off tog] - 3 , , .. ) |
| Work straight, work even | |
| Wrap stitch | |
| Wrong side (WS) | , |
| Wrong Side Row (WSR) | |
| Yard (Yd) | = 91,44 |
| Yarn | () |
| Yarn behind | |
| Yarn forward (Yfwd) | |
| Yarn over (yo) | |
| Yarn round needle (YRN) | |
| Yarn to back of work (YB, ytb) | |
| Yarn to front of work (YF, ytf) | |
| Year | |
| Yoke | |
| Yarn to front of work (ytf, YF) |
"":
1 - People's body
2 -
...
4 -
5 - - Education
6 - - Needlework
7 - 25
8 -
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online |
"". , , .
http://www.laem.ru - , ,
http://learnsongs.ru -
http://archives.maillist.ru/72983 -
http://transcriptions.narod.ru/the-all-english-tenses.htm - ( )
http://englishcd.ru/ - " ",
http://at-english.ru/ - " "
http://at-english.ru - , ()
http://englishinfo.ru/forum/32 - !!! !!!
http://ideolect.ru -
http://www.yanglish.ru - , ( )
http://www.5english.com - , ()
http://www.situationalenglish.blogspot.com -
http://www.langues.ru/beta -
http://zapominalki.ru -
http://spyschool.ru/magicseminar - , ()
http://ss77.ru/kurs_yes/PHONTM.ZIP - zip "YES"
http://subscribe.ru/catalog/job/lang - !!! , ( , !!! !!! :-))
http://subscribe.ru/blog/job.lang.engprov/post - , , ( )
, MailList.ru Mail.ru, ( , , - , :-)))))))))
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A big gun (big cheeze) - ( ). . - .
To be in the black - - . , .
To be in the red - . , - .
Bean counter - - , . .
Go to town - " ". .
Twiddle one's thumbs - " ". , -, . - , .
.
Eager beaver - - " ". , .
Cut class - " ". , . - "" , .
To count noses - " ". , ( ).
- , .
Dead duck - " ". - " ", .
Monkey business - " ". , . .
Rabbits foot - " ". , .
In the soup - " ". , , . - " ".
To bring home bacon - " ". , , , , .
To cook someone's goose - " ". , - , .
- .
Puppy love - " ". , - , , .
find Mr. Right - " ". - , .
Walk dowm the aisle together - " ". , .
Spend a penny - " ". - " ".
A penny for one's thoughts - " ". , , - , , .
Money for old rope - " ". , , .
", ":
1 -
2 -
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| Bye | ! | What’s up? | ? |
| Bye-Bye | - | You made your choice | |
| See you later | I didn’t mean to | ||
| Have a nice a day | It was an accident | ||
| See you tomorrow | Give me a chance | ||
| See you soon | It doesn't matter | ||
| Till next time | It’s all so complicated | ||
| Good luck | Don’t bother me | ||
| See ya | () | What is the problem | |
| Take care | () | Never mind | () |
| Farewell | You make me mad | ||
| Talk to you later | Are you still here? | ? | |
| Until we meet again | This is an outrage | ||
| It's early (yet) | ! | No, thanks | , |
| Hello! | ! | No way | ! |
| I'm (so) sorry | Not a bit! | ! | |
| I'm sorry, I can't | , | One minute, please | , |
| Exactly so | Very well | ||
| How are you | It can hardly be so | ||
| What a good chance | You are right | ||
| What colour …? | ...? | Yes, sure | , |
| How's it going? | ? | Maybe | |
| Don't mind it please | Attention! | ! | |
| Don't be late, please | , | Are you OK? | ? |
| I can't believe it! | ! | You got wrong number |
"":
1 - People's body
2 -
3 - "Hotel"
4 -
5 - - Education
6 - - Needlework
7 - 25
8 -
: |
|
|
|
: |
| : | [1] |
_
