Ïüåòðî Àíòîíèî Ðîòàðè |
Ãðàô (?) Ïüǻòðî (ϸòð) Àíòî́íèî Ðîòà́ðè (èòàë. Pietro Antonio Rotari; 30 ñåíòÿáðÿ 1707 [ïî äðóãèì ñâåäåíèÿì 1710], Âåðîíà — 31 àâãóñòà 1762, Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã) — èòàëüÿíñêèé ïðèäâîðíûé æèâîïèñåö-ïîðòðåòèñò, ðàáîòàâøèé ïîñëå 1756 ãîäà â Ðîññèè
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Ó÷èëñÿ ñíà÷àëà ó Ðîáåðòà Àóäåíàðäå è ó Àíòîíèî Áàëåñòðà, çàòåì ó Ôðàí÷åñêî Òðåâèçàíè â Ðèìå è ó Ôðàí÷åñêî Ñîëèìåíà â Íåàïîëå. Èç ðàííèõ ðàáîò èçâåñòíû íåñêîëüêî îáðàçîâ äëÿ Âåðîíñêîé öåðêâè, êàðòèíû «Ñâ. Ëþäîâèê», «Âîçíåñåíèå» (îáå â Ïàäóå), «Ðîæäåñòâî Áîãîðîäèöû» (â Ðèìå).  1750 ãîäó ïåðååõàë â Âåíó, çàòåì ðàáîòàë â Äðåçäåíå è Ìþíõåíå. Èç äðåçäåíñêèõ ðàáîò èçâåñòíû «Ïîðòðåò Êàðëà, ãåðöîãà Êóðëÿíäñêîãî», «Ñâ. Èàêîâ», «Ñâ. Ìàãäàëèíà», «Áåãñòâî â Åãèïåò», «Ìîíàõ»; èç ìþíõåíñêèõ — «Ïðåðâàííûé ñîí» è «Ïëà÷óùàÿ äåâî÷êà». Ïðè ñàêñîíñêîì äâîðå â Äðåçäåíå ðàáîòàë òàêæå ïðèäâîðíûì æèâîïèñöåì.

1750 (ïîñëå) Æåíùèíà â çîëîòèñòîé êóðòêå è ìåõîâîé øàïêå ñ çîëîòîé êèñòî÷êîé (Woman with Gold Jacket, Fur Hat with Gold Tassel) Ïàñàäåíà, Ìóçåé Íîðòîíà-Ñàéìîíà
 1756 ãîäó ïåðååõàë â Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, ïîëó÷èâ ïðèãëàøåíèå îò èìïåðàòðèöû Åëèçàâåòû Ïåòðîâíû ðàáîòàòü ïðè ðîññèéñêîì äâîðå. Õóäîæíèê áûñòðî âîø¸ë â ìîäó áëàãîäàðÿ ë¸ãêîé è êîìïëèìåíòàðíîé ìàíåðå ïèñüìà. Åãî äåÿòåëüíîñòü â Ðîññèè áûëà íåîáûêíîâåííî ïëîäîòâîðíà — îí ñîçäàë äåñÿòêè ïðèäâîðíûõ ïîðòðåòîâ, âûïîëíåííûõ íà çàêàç, à òàêæå ìíîæåñòâî òàê íàçûâàåìûõ «ãîëîâîê» — íåáîëüøèõ ïîðòðåòîâ äåâóøåê èëè þíîøåé â íàöèîíàëüíûõ êîñòþìàõ. Ðîòàðè îñòàâèë ñëåä â èñòîðèè ðóññêîé æèâîïèñè, çàíèìàÿñü ïðåïîäàâàòåëüñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòüþ: ñðåäè åãî ó÷åíèêîâ áûëè Ô. Ñ. Ðîêîòîâ è È. Ï. Àðãóíîâ.

1756-1762 Ïîðòðåò ãðàôèíè À.Ì. Âîðîíöîâîé (Portrait of Countess A.M. Vorontsova) Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, Ýðìèòàæ
Õóäîæíèê ðàáîòàë â îñíîâíîì íàä çàêàçíûìè ïîðòðåòàìè è, ïî ñëîâàì åãî ñîâðåìåííèêà ß.Øòåëèíà, «íàïèñàë ïî÷òè âåñü äâîð è ìíîæåñòâî ÷àñòíûõ ëèö è äàì». Åãî ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ, èñïîëíåííûå â ñòèëå ðîêîêî, îòëè÷àþòñÿ ìàíåðíîé ãðàöèîçíîñòüþ è ìíîãîöâåòíîé, íî ïðèãëóøåííîé êîëîðèñòè÷åñêîé ãàììîé.

1750 (ïîñëå) Æåíùèíà â êëåò÷àòîì øàðôå ñ êðóæåâíîé îòäåëêîé (Woman with Plaid Scarf with Lace Trim) Ïàñàäåíà, Ìóçåé Íîðòîíà-Ñàéìîíà
Îñîáåííî õàðàêòåðíû äëÿ åãî òâîð÷åñòâà èäåàëèçèðîâàííûå èçîáðàæåíèÿ æåíñêèõ ãîëîâ è æàíðîâûõ ôèãóðîê, êîòîðûå âûñîêî öåíèëèñü ïðè äâîðå.  Ðîññèè Ïüåòðî Ðîòàðè çàíèìàëñÿ òàêæå ïðåïîäàâàòåëüñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòüþ, èìåë ÷àñòíóþ øêîëó æèâîïèñè, â êîòîðîé ñîâåðøåíñòâîâàëñÿ À.Ï.Àíòðîïîâ è äðóãèå õóäîæíèêè, åãî ñîâåòàìè ïîëüçîâàëñÿ Ô¸äîð Ðîêîòîâ. Åãî òâîð÷åñòâî îêàçàëî áîëüøîå âëèÿíèå íà ìíîãèõ ðóññêèõ ïîðòðåòèñòîâ, ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ Ðîòàðè ìíîãîêðàòíî êîïèðîâàëèñü.
Óìåð â Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðãå â 1762 ãîäó.

Äåâóøêà ñ ÷åðíîé ìàñêîé (A girl with a black mask) Ëîìîíîñîâ, Äâîðåö Îðèíèåíáàóì
Íà ïðîòÿæåíèè âñåé ñâîåé æèçíè õóäîæíèê èíòåðåñîâàëñÿ êîñòþìàìè è ëþáèë ðèñîâàòü èäåàëèçèðîâàííûå ïîðòðåòû ìîäåëåé â ðàçíîîáðàçíûõ îäåæäàõ ñ íàöèîíàëüíûì êîëîðèòîì. Åù¸ â 1760 ãîäó Åëèçàâåòà Ïåòðîâíà ïðèîáðåëà ó Ðîòàðè 50 òàêèõ ðàáîò, à ïîñëå åãî ñìåðòè Åêàòåðèíà II âûêóïèëà ó âäîâû õóäîæíèêà âñå ïîëîòíà, ÷òî îñòàâàëèñü â ìàñòåðñêîé. Õóäîæíèê ñëûë áîëüøèì çíàòîêîì êîñòþìà; ñðåäè ïîðòðåòîâ åñòü ìîäåëè â ïîëüñêèõ, âåíãåðñêèõ, òóðåöêèõ, ðóññêèõ è ò. ä. Âñåãî íàáðàëîñü îêîëî ÷åòûð¸õ ñîòåí ïîðòðåòîâ, âûïîëíåííûõ â îäíîé ìàíåðå è ñâÿçàííûå îäíîé òåìîé. Åêàòåðèíà II ðåøèëà óêðàñèòü ðàáîòàìè Ðîòàðè îäèí èç èíòåðüåðîâ Áîëüøîãî Ïåòåðãîôñêîãî äâîðöà.  1764 ãîäó ïî ïðîåêòó Æ. Á. Âàëëåí-Äåëàìîòà áûëà çàêîí÷åíà øïàëåðíàÿ ðàçâåñêà êàðòèí â çàëå, èìåíóåìîì ñåé÷àñ Êàðòèííûì (äðóãîå íàçâàíèå çàëà — Êàáèíåò ìîä è ãðàöèé).  çàëå ïðåäñòàâëåíî ñàìîå êðóïíîå ñîáðàíèå ðàáîò õóäîæíèêà: 368 ïîëîòåí çàíèìàþò ïî÷òè âñþ ïëîùàäü ñòåí. Íåêîòîðûå ðàáîòû ñîçäàíû Ðîòàðè åù¸ äî ïðèåçäà â Ðîññèþ, íî áîëüøèíñòâî íàïèñàíû çäåñü.
Òàêèå æå ïîëîòíà õóäîæíèêà ïðåäñòàâëåíû â Îðàííèåíáàóìå è Àðõàíãåëüñêîì.  Êèòàéñêîì ïàâèëüîíå Îðàííèåíáàóìà ïî çàìûñëó Åêàòåðèíû II óñòðîåí Êàáèíåò Ðîòàðè, â í¸ì ïðåäñòàâëåíû 22 ðàáîòû õóäîæíèêà; â Àðõàíãåëüñêîì åñòü Ñàëîí Ðîòàðè.

1750 (ïîñëå) Æåíùèíà ñ ÷åðíûì êðóæåâíûì øàðôîì (Woman with Black Lace Scarf) Ïàñàäåíà, Ìóçåé Íîðòîíà-Ñàéìîíà

1750 (ïîñëå) Æåíùèíà â êðàñíîì ïàëüòî ñ êðóæåâíîé îòäåëêîé (Woman with Red Coat with Fur Trim) Ïàñàäåíà, Ìóçåé Íîðòîíà-Ñàéìîíà

1750 (ïîñëå) Ïîðòðåò æåíùèíû â çåëåíîì æèëåòå (Portrait of a Woman with Green Vest) Ïàñàäåíà, Ìóçåé Íîðòîíà-Ñàéìîíà

1750 (ïîñëå) Ïîðòðåò æåíùèíû â ñèíåì øàðôå è ïîëîñàòîé øàëè (Portrait of a Woman with Blue Scarf and Striped Shawl) Ïàñàäåíà, Ìóçåé Íîðòîíà-Ñàéìîíà

1753-1756 Ñïÿùèé ìàëü÷èê (Boy Sleeping) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

1755 (îê) Ìîëîäàÿ æåíùèíà, ïèøóùàÿ ëþáîâíîå ïèñüìî (Young Girl Writing a Love Letter) Ïàñàäåíà, Ìóçåé Íîðòîíà-Ñàéìîíà

1755 Äåâóøêà â êðàñíîì ïëàòüå (A Girl in a Red Dress) Òåõàñ, Ýëü-Ïàñî, Õóäîæåñòâåííûé ìóçåé

1755 Äåâóøêà â ñèíåì ïëàòüå (A Girl in a Blue Dress) Òåõàñ, Ýëü-Ïàñî, Õóäîæåñòâåííûé ìóçåé

1756-1762 Ìîëîäàÿ æåíùèíà (A young Woman) Àìñòåðäàì, Ðåêñìóçåóì

1756-1762 Ìîëîäàÿ æåíùèíà ñ êíèãîé (A Young Woman with a Book) Àìñòåðäàì, Ðåêñìóçåóì

1756 Àëåêñàíäð Ìàêåäîíñêèé è Ðîêñàíà (Alexander the Great and Roxane) Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, Ýðìèòàæ
 ðóññêèõ ñîáðàíèÿõ ìàëî èçâåñòíû áîëüøèå êîìïîçèöèè Ðîòàðè. Ïðèåõàâ â Ðîññèþ â 1756 ãîäó, ýòîò õóäîæíèê çàíèìàëñÿ â îñíîâíîì ïîðòðåòíîé æèâîïèñüþ è âñåãäà èìåë áîëüøîé óñïåõ. Åëèçàâåòà Ïåòðîâíà, Ïåòð III, Åêàòåðèíà II îäèíàêîâî áëàãîâîëèëè åìó. Ïîëîòíî «Àëåêñàíäð è Ðîêñàíà» áûëî èñïîëíåíî äëÿ Åêàòåðèíû Àëåêñååâíû â áûòíîñòü åå âåëèêîé êíÿãèíåé äëÿ åå äâîðöà â Îðàíèåíáàóìå. Ýïèçîä èç èñòîðèè Àëåêñàíäðà Âåëèêîãî (356 - 323 ãã. äî í. ý.) âîñõîäèò ê ñî÷èíåíèþ Ïëóòàðõà (Ïëóòàðõ, Ñðàâíèòåëüíûå æèçíåîïèñàíèÿ, Àëåêñàíäð, XLVII). Ïðè îñàäå îäíîé èç êðåïîñòåé Áàêòðèè, âîñòî÷íîé ÷àñòè ïåðñèäñêîé äåðæàâû Äàðèÿ III, áûëà ïëåíåíà Ðîêñàíà, äî÷ü áàêòðèéñêîãî ñàòðàïà. Æåëàÿ íàéòè ïîääåðæêó ó ïåðñèäñêîé çíàòè, Àëåêñàíäð âñòóïèë ñ íåþ â áðàê. Ðîòàðè ïðåäñòàâèë âñòðå÷ó Àëåêñàíäðà ñ Ðîêñàíîé. Öàðåâíà â îêðóæåíèè ðûäàþùèõ ñëóæàíîê ñêðîìíî ñòîèò ïåðåä èçóìëåííûì ïîëêîâîäöåì. Êàðòèíà âûäåðæàíà â õîëîäíûõ, êàê áû ðàçáåëåííûõ òîíàõ. Íåæíûå ãîëóáûå, ðîçîâûå, æåëòî-êîðè÷íåâûå êðàñêè ñêëàäûâàþòñÿ â èçûñêàííóþ ãàììó, ïðèäàâàÿ êëàññè÷åñêîé êîìïîçèöèè èçÿùåñòâî è ëåãêîñòü ðîêîêî.

1760-1762 Äåâóøêà ñ öâåòêîì â âîëîñàõ (A Girl with a Flower in Her Hair) Âàøèíãòîí, Íàöèîíàëüíàÿ ãàëåðåÿ

1756-1762 Ìîëîäàÿ æåíùèíà ñ âåòî÷êîé æàñìèíà (Young Woman with a Sprig of Jasmine) Ìèññóðè, Êîëóìáèÿ, Ìóçåé èñêóññòâà è àðõåîëîãèè

1760-1762 Ñïÿùàÿ äåâóøêà (A Sleeping Girl) Âàøèíãòîí, Íàöèîíàëüíàÿ ãàëåðåÿ

1762 Åêàòåðèíà Ïåòðîâíà Ãîëüøòåéí-Áåê, ïîçæå êíÿãèíÿ Áàðÿòèíñêàÿ (Ecaterina Petrovna Holstein-Beck, Later Princess Bariatinsky) Ïàñàäåíà, ìóçåé Íîðòîíà-Ñàéìîíà

Âñòðå÷à Àëåêñàíäðà Ìàêåäîíñêîãî è Ðîêñàíû çà çàíàâåñîì-îáìàíêîé (The Meeting of Alexander the Great and Roxana, Behind a Trompe-l'oeil Curtain) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ãîëîâà äåâóøêè (Head of a girl) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Äèàíà, ïðèñëîíèâøàÿñÿ ê äåðåâó (Diana, leaning to a tree) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Êðåñòüÿíñêàÿ äåâóøêà â ïðîôèëü (A Peasant Girl In Profile Wearing a White Scarf) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ìàäîííà íà ìîëèòâå (The Madonna At Prayer) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ìîëîäàÿ æåíùèíà â êðàñíîì ñ ìåõîâîé îòäåëêîé ïàëüòî (Young woman in a red, fur-trimmed coat) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïëà÷óùàÿ äåâóøêà (Young girl crying) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò àááàòà (Portrait of Abbot) Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, Ýðìèòàæ

Ïîðòðåò ãðàôèíè Â.À.Øåðåìåòåâîé (Portrait of Countess V.A.Sheremeteva) Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, Ýðìèòàæ

Ïîðòðåò äàìû ñ ëþòíåé (Portrait of a lady playing the lute) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò äåâóøêè (Portrait of a young girl) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò äåâóøêè (Portrait of a young girl) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò äåâóøêè â ãîëóáîì ïëàòüå è íàãëàâíèêå (Portrait Of a Russian Girl In a Blue Dress And Headdress) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò äåâóøêè â êðåñòüÿíñêîì êîñòþìå (Portrait of a Young Woman in peasant Costume) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò äåâóøêè, ïðÿ÷óùåé âçãëÿä (Portrait of a young girl, hiding her eyes) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò æåíùèíû â áåëîé îäåæäå (Portrait Of Woman In White Robe) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò æåíùèíû ñ áåëûì ïëàòêîì (Portrait of a young woman with white headscarf) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò ìîëîäîé äàìû (Portrait of a Young Lady, Bust Length) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò ìîëîäîé äàìû â êðóæåâíîì ÷åïöå (Portrait of A Young Lady with A Lace Cap) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò ìîëîäîé æåíùèíû (Portrait of A Young Woman) (àòð) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò ïðèíöà Ôðèäðèõà Êðèñòèàíà Ñàêñîíñêîãî (Portrait of Prince Frederick Christian of Saxony) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

Ïîðòðåò óëûáàþùåéñÿ äåâóøêè ñ æåì÷óæíîé ñåðåæêîé (Portrait of a smiling girl with a pearl earring) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

×òåíèå ïèñüìà (Reading a letter) ×àñòíîå ñîáðàíèå

| Ðóáðèêè: | ÆèâîïèñüÂñå,÷òî ïîíðàâèëîñü,è åñòü â öèòàòíèêå. |
| Êîììåíòèðîâàòü | « Ïðåä. çàïèñü — Ê äíåâíèêó — Ñëåä. çàïèñü » | Ñòðàíèöû: [1] [Íîâûå] |