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bbc.co.uk
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The International Space Station Project aims to conduct astronomical observations of Earth and other celestial bodies. It will allow scientists to perform studies and experiments in space by taking advantage of special features unique to the space environment. The Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) "KIBO," the first Japanese manned experimental facility, will be docked to the ISS in 2008.
KIBO consists of two facilities. The Pressurized Module which is 11.2 metres long and 4.4 metres in diameter, will allow astronauts to work in a comfortable environment with air composition and pressure similar to Earths. The Exposed Facility will be a staging area for long-term experiments in open space, as well as Earth and astronomical observations. The Exposed Facility is a unique facility in that it enables astronauts to conduct experiments with direct exposure to space without any modification.
The development of KIBO, mainly by the Tsukuba Space Center (TKSC), is already in the final stages. Preparations for the KIBO Control Centre and the training of astronauts have been progressing steadily. The assembly of the airframe and the testing of KIBOs integrated systems have been completed, and the functional test of the airframe has been conducted at NASAs Kennedy Space Centre in the United States.
We expect KIBO to be a place where scientists conduct experiments and surveys that will help create a better, more hopeful future for our planet.
One of the most important experiments planned for KIBO is the observation of Earths environment. Today, Earth is faced with serious environmental problems such as the depletion of the ozone layer, global warming and desertification. KIBO will enable us to study these problems from space, in order to find clues to how to solve them. Scientists will study trace gases that deplete the ozone layer and observe short waves (sub-millimetre waves) emitted by ozone.
Also, the worlds largest wide-angle X-ray camera will be mounted on the platform, to make observations of space, examine the phenomena beyond our galaxy, and refine our map of the distribution of the galaxies.
Microgravity experiments conducted in space will produce larger and more uniformly-sized protein crystals, which will help us understand disease mechanisms and develop new medicines. KIBO will also be the site of studies on the influence of microgravity and radiation on plants, animals and humans, and experiments in robotics, communications, and energy.
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info and photo from jaxa.jp
