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   GMO_and_SAFETY

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 LiveInternet.ru:
: 13.10.2009
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: 612

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, 15 2011 . 01:04 +

(Assessment of the impact of GMO of plant origin on rat progeny development in 3 generations)

.. , .. , .. , .. , .. , .. , ..
N.V. Tyshko, V.M. Zhminchenko, V.A. Pashorina, K.E. Selyaskin, V.P. Saprykin, N.T. Utembaeva, V.A. Tutelyan

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Institute of Nutrition of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow


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. : 109240, , , . 2/14 : (495) 698-53-64

The publication presents the results of assessment of impact of genetically modified (GM) maize Liberty Link® on prenat al and post natal development of progeny of 3 generations oj Wist a r rats. A total of 630 adult animals and 2837pups were used in the experiment. The animals were divided into 5 groups which got. the diets with inclusion of maize: the animals of the experimental group got: the diet with the GM-maize, animals of the control group - with near isogenic conventional analogue of the GM-maize, animals of the 1, 2 and 3 reference groups - conventional varieties of maize «ROSS 144 MV», «ROSS 197MV», «Dokuchayevskaya 250 MV» respectively. The maize was included in the diet at maximum possible level not: isolating the balance of basic nutrients. Analysis oj the data obtained during the study did not reveal any impact of GM-maize on rat progeny development.

Key words: reproductive function, genetically modified (GM) foods. GM-maize, the progeny development of rats

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A three generation study with GM Bt corn in rats

, 09 2009 . 00:33 +

A three generation study with genetically modified Bt corn in rats: Biochemical and histopathological investigation

( : )

Kiliç A, Akay MT.

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe Campus, Ankara, Turkiye. aykilic@hacettepe.edu.tr

For the last ten years, in accordance with the increased use of genetically modified (GM) foods for human and livestock, a large number of feeding studies have been carried out. However, the evidence is still far from proving whether the long-term consumption of GM foods poses a possible danger for human or animal health. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of transgenic corn on the rats that were fed through three generations with either GM corn or its conventional counterpart. Tissue samples of stomach, duodenum, liver and kidney were obtained for histopathological examinations. The average diameter of glomeruli, thickness of renal cortex and glomerular volume were calculated and number of affected animals/number of examined animals for liver and kidney histopathology were determined. Amounts of urea, urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, total protein, albumin and globulin were determined; enzyme activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyltransferase, creatine kinase and amylase were measured in serum samples. No statistically significant differences were found in relative organ weights of rats within groups but there were some minimal histopathological changes in liver and kidney. Changes in creatinine, total protein and globulin levels were also determined in biochemical analysis.

, - . , , . , , , , , , , ; , , , , . : ( ).

PMID: 18191319
: A three generation study with genetically modified Bt corn in rats: Biochemical and histopathological investigation.




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Effects of Bt corn on reproductive performance in laying hens

, 27 2009 . 18:11 +

Effect of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn on reproductive performance in adult laying hens

( Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) )

Rasmussen MA, Cutler SA, Wilhelms KW, Scanes CG.

National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA 50010, USA-Department of Animal Science, Program in Toxicology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA

Genetically Modified (GM) crops are widely used. Research has focused on examining differences between GM and conventional corn feeding on broiler performance and carcass composition. However, relatively little attention has been focused on reproductive effects on the recipient animals. To address this, the present study employed laying hens as a model due to their rapid reproductive development and rate of egg production. This study investigated the putative effects of a diet consisting of Starlink corn (expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis gene Cry9C) on the fecundity of the laying hen. Twenty-week-old point of lay pullets were fed a diet containing corn positive for the Cry9C (Starlink) gene (not a current variety) for 3 weeks, paired with a corn-based diet known not to contain the gene. During the study, the number of eggs collected, egg shell thickness, number of yolks and egg weight and, upon necropsy, body, ovary and ovary weight, together with the number of yolky (yellow) follicles were recorded. There were no negative effects observed on any parameter measured. The present data do not suggest that Bt corn is a cause of concern to the poultry or livestock industry.

. , Starlink ( Cry9C Bacillus thuringiensis) . , Bt- (Starlink) Cry9C - , 3- . , , , - , , , . : . Bt- .

Abstract.
: Effects of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn on reproductive performance in adult laying hens.


 


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Evaluation of Bt corn on mouse testicular development by flow cytometry

, 22 2009 . 21:30 +

Evaluation of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn on mouse testicular development by dual parameter flow cytometry

( Bt- )


Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, USA.

The health safety of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn (Zea mays L.) was studied using mouse testes as a sensitive biomonitor of potential toxic effects. Pregnant mice were fed a Bt corn or a nontransgenic (conventional) diet during gestation and lactation. After they were weaned, young male mice were maintained on the respective diets. At 8, 16, 26, 32, 63, and 87 days after birth, three male mice and an adult reference mouse were killed, the testes were surgically removed, and the percentage of germ cell populations was measured by flow cytometry. Multigenerational studies were conducted in the same manner. There were no apparent differences in percentages of testicular cell populations (haploid, diploid, and tetraploid) between the mice fed the Bt corn diet and those fed the conventional diet. Because of the high rate of cell proliferation and extensive differentiation that makes testicular germ cells highly susceptible to some toxic agents, it was concluded that the Bt corn diet had no measurable or observable effect on fetal, postnatal, pubertal, or adult testicular development. If data from this study were extrapolated to humans, Bt corn is not harmful to human reproductive development.

Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) (Zea mays L.) . . , (8, 16, 26, 32, 63 87 ) , , (, ) . - , , , Bt- , . , Bt- .

PMID: 15053558
: Evaluation of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn on mouse testicular development by dual parameter flow cytometry.


 


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Long term feeding of Bt-corn--a ten-generation study with quails

, 21 2009 . 23:26 +

Long term feeding of Bt-corn--a ten-generation study with quails

( Bt- )


Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Agricultural Research Centre, Braunschweig, Germany. gerhard.flachowsky@fal.de

A ten-generation experiment with growing and laying quails were carried out to test diets with 40 (starter) or 50% (grower, layer) isogenic or transgenic (Bt 176) corn. Feeding of diets containing genetically-modified corn did not significantly influence health and performance of quails nor did it affect DNA-transfer and quality of meat and eggs of quails compared with the isogenic counterpart.

, 40 () 50% (Bt 176) . : , , -, .

PMID: 16429830


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Multigeneration reproductive and developmental toxicity study of GM-potato

, 17 2009 . 02:23 +

Multigeneration reproductive and developmental toxicity study of bar gene inserted into genetically modified potato on rats

( Bar- )


Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, Seoul.

Each specific protein has an individual gene encoding it, and a foreign gene introduced to a plant can be used to synthesize a new protein. The identification of potential reproductive and developmental toxicity from novel proteins produced by genetically modified (GM) crops is a difficult task. A science-based risk assessment is needed in order to use GM crops as a conventional foodstuff. In this study, the specific characteristics of GM food and low-level chronic exposure were examined using a five-generation animal study. In each generation, rats were fed a solid pellet containing 5% GM potato and non-GM potato for 10 wk prior to mating in order to assess the potential reproductive and developmental toxic effects. In the multigeneration animal study, there were no GM potato-related changes in body weight, food consumption, reproductive performance, and organ weight. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using extracted genomic DNA to examine the possibility of gene persistence in the organ tissues after a long-term exposure to low levels of GM feed. In each generation, the gene responsible for bar was not found in any of the reproductive organs of the GM potato-treated male and female rats, and the litter-related indexes did not show any genetically modified organism (GMO)-related changes. The results suggest that genetically modified crops have no adverse effects on the multigeneration reproductive-developmental ability.

- . , 5% - , 10 . , , , -. -, -. Bar- - , , . : .

PMID: 16326439
: Multigeneration reproductive and developmental toxicity study of bar gene inserted into genetically modified potato on rats ( ).


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A generational study of glyphosate-tolerant soybeans on mouse

, 15 2009 . 18:11 +

A generational study of glyphosate-tolerant soybeans on mouse fetal, postnatal, pubertal and adult testicular development

( , , )


Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.

The health safety of transgenic soybeans (glyphosate-tolerant or Roundup Ready) was studied using the mammalian testis (mouse model) as a sensitive biomonitor of potential toxic effects. Pregnant mice were fed a transgenic soybean or a non-transgenic (conventional) diet through gestation and lactation. After weaning, the young male mice were maintained on the respective diets. At 8, 16, 26, 32, 63 and 87 days after birth, three male mice and an adult reference mouse were killed, the testes surgically removed, and the cell populations measured by flow cytometry. Multi-generational studies were conducted in the same manner. The results showed that the transgenic foodstuffs had no effect on macromolecular synthesis or cell growth and differentiation as evidenced by no differences in the percentages of testicular cell populations (haploid, diploid, and tetraploid) between the transgenic soybean-fed mice and those fed the conventional diet. Additionally, there were no differences in litter sizes and body weights of the two groups. It was concluded that the transgenic soybean diet had no negative effect on fetal, postnatal, pubertal or adult testicular development.

Roundup Ready . . , (8, 16, 26, 32, 63 87 ) , , (, ) . , . , , 21% RR , , . .  : , .

PMID: 14630127
: A generational study of glyphosate-tolerant soybeans on mouse fetal, postnatal, pubertal and adult testicular development.


 


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A 52 and 104-week feeding study of genetically modified soybeans in F344 rats

, 13 2009 . 02:53 +

A 52-week feeding study of genetically modified soybeans in F344 rats

( 52- F344 )

 

Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health: 3-24-1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan.

A chronic feeding study to evaluate the safety of the genetically modified glyphosate-tolerant soybeans (GM soybeans) was conducted using rats. F344 DuCrj rats were fed diet containing GM soybeans or Non-GM soybeans at the concentration of 30% in basal diet. Non-GM soybeans were closely related strain of GM soybeans. These two diets were adjusted to an identical nutrient level. In this study, the influence of GM soybeans on rats was compared with that of the Non-GM soybeans, and furthermore, to assess the effect of soybeans themselves, the groups of rats fed GM and Non-GM soybeans were compared with a group fed commercial diet (CE-2). General conditions were observed daily and body weight and food consumption were recorded. At the intermediate examination (26 weeks), and at the termination (52 weeks), animals were subjected to hematology, serum biochemistry, and pathological examination. There were several differences in animal growth, food intake, serum biochemical parameters and histological findings between the rats fed the GM and/or Non-GM soybeans and the rats fed CE-2. However, body weight and food intake were similar for the rats fed the GM and Non-GM soybeans. Gross necropsy findings, hematological and serum biochemical parameters, organ weights, and pathological findings showed no meaningful difference between rats fed the GM and Non-GM soybeans. These results indicate that long-term intake of GM soybeans at the level of 30% in diet has no apparent adverse effect in rats.

F344 DuCrj 52 , 30% , . 30% - . - , . . 26 52 , . , - . , . : , , 30% .

PMID: 17657996
: A 52-week feeding study of genetically modified soybeans in F344 rats.

 

 

A 104-week feeding study of genetically modified soybeans in F344 rats

( 104- F344 )

 

Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health. Tokyo, Japan.

A chronic feeding study to evaluate the safety of genetically modified glyphosate-tolerant soybeans (GM soybeans) was conducted using F344 DuCrj rats. The rats were fed diet containing GM soybeans or Non-GM soybeans at the concentration of 30% in basal diet. Non-GM soybeans were a closely related strain to the GM soybeans. These two diets were adjusted to an identical nutrient level. In this study, the influence of GM soybeans in rats was compared with that of the Non-GM soybeans, and furthermore, to assess the effect of soybeans themselves, the groups of rats fed GM and Non-GM soybeans were compared with a group fed commercial diet (CE-2). General conditions were observed daily and body weight and food consumption were recorded. At the termination (104 weeks), animals were subjected to hematology, serum biochemistry, and pathological examinations. There were several differences in animal growth, food intake, organ weights and histological findings between the rats fed the GM and/or Non-GM soybeans and the rats fed CE-2. However, body weight and food intake were similar for the rats fed the GM and Non-GM soybeans. Gross necropsy findings, hematological and serum biochemical parameters, and organ weights showed no meaningful difference between rats fed the GM and Non-GM soybeans. In pathological observation, there was neither an increase in incidence nor any specific type of nonneoplastic or neoplastic lesions in the GM soybeans group in each sex. These results indicate that long-term intake of GM soybeans at the level of 30% in diet has no apparent adverse effect in rats.

.

PMID: 18787312
: A 104-week feeding study of genetically modified soybeans in F344 rats


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