Words and their Stories - BIGWIG

Some expressions describe people who are important, or at least who think they are.
One such expression is bigwig. In the 17th century, important men in Europe began to wear hair pieces, called wigs. As years passed, wigs began to get bigger. The size of a man's wig depended on how important he was. The more important he was, or thought he was, the bigger the wig he wore. Some wigs were so large that they covered a man's shoulders or back.
Today the expression "bigwig" is used to make fun of a person who feels important. People never tell someone he is a bigwig. The only use the expression behind his back.
"Big wheel" is another way to describe an important person. A big wheel may be head of a company, a political leader, a famous doctor. They are big wheels because they are powerful. What they do affects many persons. Big wheels give the orders. Other people obey them. As in many machines, a big wheel makes the little wheels turn.
"Big wheel" became a popular expression after World War Two. It probably comes from an expression used for many years by people who fix the mechanical parts of cars and trucks. They said a person "rolled a big wheel" if he was important and had influence.
The top of something is the highest part. So it is not surprising that top is part of another expression that describes an important person.
The expression is "top banana." A "top banana" is the leading person in a comedy show. The best comedian is called the top banana, the next is second banana and so on down. Why a banana? A comedy act in earlier days often included a part where one of the comedians would hit the others over the head with a soft object shaped liked a banana fruit.
"Top banana" still is used mainly in show business. But the expression also can be used to describe the top person in any field.
A "kingpin" is another word for an important person. The expression comes from the game of bowling. The kingpin is the number one pin. If hit correctly with the bowling ball, the kingpin will make all the other nine pins fall. And that is the object of the game.
So, the most important person in a project or business is the "kingpin." If the kingpin is removed, the business or project will likely fail.
Kingpin is often used to describe an important criminal, or the leader of a criminal gang. A newspaper may report, for example, that police have arrested the suspected kingpin of a car-stealing operation.

(c) VoA

Сколько языков должен знать переводчик?

«Переводчик всю жизнь совершает беспорядочные прыжки в разные времена...» Так Владимир Тихомиров объяснил название своего творческого вечера «Машина времени. Краткий отчет о работе». Это была уже четвертая встреча из цикла «Со-автор. Переводчики сегодня».
Для затравки он прочитал стихотворение Вячеслава Иванова из «Римских сонетов». «Без его звукоряда я ничего бы не сделал. Это подтверждал и другой мой учитель – Аркадий Акимович Штейнберг. Переложение иноязычного стихотворения стремится стать фактом русской литературы, поэтому переводчик подсознательно оглядывается на русских поэтов. Из любимых и нелюбимых русских поэтов у меня было много учителей. Очень важен оказался Михаил Кузмин». Многому научила Владимира Тихомирова речь деревенских бабок. «Язык важнее чувствовать, чем знать. Ведь настоящая поэзия формульна. Пример? «Мороз и солнце; день чудесный». Формульность в поэзии второй половины двадцатого века и в начале двадцать первого не в чести, поэтому с текстами этого времени я не работаю».
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