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TARTARY, properly TATARY, the name under which, in the Middle Ages, was comprised the whole central belt of central Asia and eastern Europe, from the Sea of Japan to the Dnieper, in cluding Manchuria, Mongolia, Chinese Turkestan, Independent Turkestan, the Kalmuck and Kirghiz steppes, and the old khanates of Kazan, Astrakhan, and the Crimea, and even the Cossack coun tries; and hence arose a distinction of Tartary into European and Asiatic. But latterly the name Tartary had a much more limited signification, including only Chinese Turkestan and Western Turkes tan. It took its name from the Tatars or TARTARS
From "Collier's New Encyclopedia" by P.F. Collier (1921)
, , , , , , , . , - , , 9 . . , ... . , , , , , , , , , , , (. ) , ... , , Ekatesinoslav, . , , .. , , , , . . .
TATARS, or TARTARS, a nomadic people anciently spoken of as Scythians, known for their incursions and conquests among neighboring nations over a wide extent of territory; their local seat being found both in ancient and modern times in the steppes or uncultivated regions which connect Europe and Asia, as well as on the north of China, in Turkestan and on the shores of the Caspian and Black seas. Tartar, Tatar or Ta-ta appears to have been the name of a tribe of Mongols who occupied about the 9th century a district of Chinese Tartary on the upper Amur. This tribe was dispersed by the attacks of neighboring. Mongols, and carrying the terror of its arms … different directions its name came to be applied by the Chinese to various hordes of Mongol robbers. The true Tatars formed part of the horde of Genghis Khan, when that conqueror carried his arms from the country known as Chinese Tartary to Europe, and through some accidental circum stance the name carne to be applied to the whole Mongol horde, as well as to the successive hordes of similar origin who followed in their footsteps, and to the districts from which they came, or in which they settled; hence the names of Chinese Tartary, Independent Tartary (see TURKESTAN) and European or Little Tartary, comprising most of the Russian … of Orenburg, Astrakhan, Ekatesinoslav, the Cossack provinces and the Crimea. For the incursions and conquests of these peoples see GENGHIS KHAN ; MONGOLIA ; RUSSIA, etc. The name Tatar has, for reasons similar to those already given, been long applied in Europe to the Manchu conquerors of China. The Manchus are Tatars in the generic sense of the term. See MANCHURIA.
From "Encyclopedia Americana" by The Encyclopedia Americana Corporation (1918)
( ) , , , , , , . , , , , , , , . , , , , , .
TARTARY (properly TATARY) is the name under which, in the middle ages, was comprised the whole central belt of central Asia and eastern Europe, from the sea of Japan to the Dnieper, including Mantchuria, Mongolia. Chinese Turkestan, Independent Turkestan, the Kalmuck and Kirghis steppes, and the old khanates of Kasan, Astrakhan, and the Crimea, and even the Cossack countries; and hence arose a distinction of Tartary into European and Asiatic. But latterly the name Tartary had a much more lim ited signification, including only that tract bounded on the n. by Siberia, and on the s. by China and Thibet, along with Independent Turkestan; and at the present day, many writers apply it as a synonym for Turkistan.
From "Chamber's Encyclopedia" (1880)
, , , . , , , , , , Khokan, Koondooz, , , . ; , . , . , , , , . , , .
TARTARY, more properly Tatary, a name applied with some degree of indefiniteness to a vast region of Central Asia, sometimes also to a part of Eastern Europe. In its widest sense, the name is applied to the whole country, from the sea of Japan on the east to the Dnieper on the west, and includes Manchooria, Mongolia, Thian Shan or Chinese Turkestan, Khokan, Koondooz, Bukhara, and Khiva, the Kirghiz territories, and the Russian governments between the Caspian and the Dnieper. Each of these divisions is described under its appropriate head; the Kirghiz territories and other Russian possessions, under Russia. Some geographers restrict Tartary entirely to Asia, and make the Caspian its western boundary. It has on the north Siberia, and on the south China, Tibet, India, Affghanistan, and Persia. The name Tartary or Turkestan is properly applicable only to the western part of this vast region, which is peopled by the true Tartars or Turks, and was their original seat.
From " The Encyclopaedia Britannica " (1860)
, « », . , -* (Hiat. Mongh. and J Tart.) , …, , . , , , , . , , , , Tartaruz, , , , - Wu . , , , .
TARTARY, " the land of the Tartars," properly Tatars. The word Ut; Tdtdr, according to Abul-Ghazi (Hiat. Mongh. and J Tart.) and other Muhammadan writers, is the designation of a tribe descended from a prince of that naine, who, with his brother Monghol were descended from the race of Tourk. Some Oriental writers have advanced that the word Tatar is derived from the name of a river, the banks of which were first inhabited by this tribe ; but they all agree in applying the name to a particular body of people, and not to a race. The writers of the thirteenth century changed this word to Tartar, because, perhaps, it has nearly the same sound as their word Tartaruz, a corruption which seems to coincide in some measure with the terror that Wu inspired by the incursions of Jenghis Khan and his descendants. The word Tartary is therefore not only vague and undefined, but also badly applied. See Davide, Gram. Turke ; Remusat, Recherches sur les Lang. Tart. tom. p. 1.
From "Local Etymology Dictionary" by Richard Charnock (1859)
*, --- (-, -, ) (. Abulgʻozi Bahodirxon, 24 1603, —1664, ) — , , - . , --… ru.wikipedia.org
, ; , , , , Cabal, . , , , , , , , , , …
TARTARY is a name vulgarly applied to an immense region occupying almost all the central part of Asia, extending from the Caspian sea to the Pacific ocean; having Asiatic Russia on the north, and China, Thibet , Hindoostan, Cabal, and Persia on the south. The predominant feature of this great territory, is that of plains, almost boundless, covered with herbage, more or less abundant , and occupied by wandering and pastoral tribes, whose camps, like moving cities, pass continually over its surface…
From " An accompaniment to Mitchell's map of the world Hinman and Dutton" (1837)
, , , … , , , . … , .
Balk Khorasan , , , . , . , , . 60 , 30 , , . , . … . , Oxus. …, , … Koukan, . , . AFGHANS, ARAL, BALK, BUCHARIA, CABUL, CAS PIAN SEA, SAMARCAND. . PERSIA and RUSSIA.
70 20 . , , , Cashgar, , , Calmucks Eluths. , BUCHARIA LITTLE, Vol IV. p. 773; CALMUCKS, Vol. V. p. 174; CHINA, PERSIA, and TIIIBET. . ASIA, Vol. V. p. 513; PHY SICAL GEOGRAPIIV, Vol. XVI. and RUSSIA, Vol. XVI, p. 519.
From "Edinburgh Encyclopedia" by David Brewster (1832)
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TARTARY, a vast country in the northern parts of Asia, bounded by Siberia on the north and west: this is called Great Tartary. The Tartars who lie south of Moscovy and Siberia, are those of Astracan, Circassia, and Dagistan, situated north-west of the Caspian-sea; the Calmuc Tartars, who lie between Siberia and the Caspian-sea; the Usbec Tartars and Moguls, who lie north of Persia and India; and lastly, those of Tibet, who lie north-west of China.
From " The Encyclopaedia Britannica" (1771)
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ARABIA, a country of Asia…
CIRCASSIA, a country of Asia...
TARTARY, a country of Asia…
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CARTE NOUVELLE DE LA GRANDE TARTARIE OU DE L'EMPIRE DU GRAND CHAM 1708 AMSTERDAM
Dressee sur les Memoires Originaux & sur d'autres observations tres exactes de divers Voyageurs.
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