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Getting Started | Instructions
Asterisks, Parentheses, and Brackets | Knitting Garments
Once you’ve learned the basics of knitting – how to cast on and bind off, how to work the knit stitch and the purl stitch –you’ll be ready to start your first pattern. (If you need help with learning the basics, visit www.LearnToKnit.com.) In the beginning, looking at a knitting pattern can be very confusing — is that a foreign language it is written in?
Well, no, but it is the special language of knitting, which uses many abbreviations and terms, which save space and make patterns easier to read. So the first thing you need to do is become familiar with the knitting abbreviations.
Some of them are easy to understand, like these:
K or k = knit stitch
P or p = purl stitch
A complete list of knitting abbreviations and terms and their meaning can be found at ( , ) : www.YarnStandards.com.
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Terms represent things you are to do, like these: |
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CO = Cast on |
(This is how you begin each knitted piece.)
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BO = Bind off |
(This is how you finish most knitted pieces. Binding off is sometimes
called casting off. They mean the same thing.) |
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Inc = Increase |
(Add one or more stitches. The most basic increase is to work in the front, and then again in the back, of the same stitch. This can be done in both knit and purl stitches.)
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Dec = decrease |
(Eliminate one or more stitches. The most basic decrease is to work two stitches together as one. This can be done in both knit and purl stitches. Different ways of increasing and decreasing change the way the project will look, and most designers have a specific method in mind. So usually your pattern will tell you how to do this.)
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Rep = repeat |
(Do the same thing again the number of times stated in the pattern.)
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Sl = Slip |
(Slip a stitch or stitches from one needle to the other, without working it.)
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YO = yarn over |
(Take the yarn over the needle.)
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Tog = together |
(Work 2 or more sts together, forming a decrease.)
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Work even |
Continue what you have been doing, without any increases or decreases.
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Maintain pattern as established |
This is usually used when you are working a pattern stitch and are increasing (or decreasing) at the edges. It means that you keep the center part in the pattern as you have already set it up, and will add (or subtract) stitches at each end without disturbing that pattern. When enough new stitches have been added, they should be incorporated into the pattern.
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With the abbreviations and terms at hand, let’s look at a typical knitting pattern. Knitted items can be worked back and forth in rows to form a flat piece, or in rounds to form a tube with no seams, such as socks or hats. Special needles are used to work in rounds.
Let’s start by working a flat piece.
First the instructions will tell you to cast on a certain number of stitches.
But wait – before you can start casting on, you must place a slip knot on one of the needles.
Patterns never tell you to do this – they just assume you know it. Here’s how you make a slip knot (See Figures 1 & 2).
There are many methods of casting on. Some give a nice stretchy edge;
others give a firm base. Unless the pattern tells you differently, use the method you were first taught.
Now let’s look at a typical pattern.
: http://www.craftyarncouncil.com/tip_knit.html
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http://www.anleitung-zum-haekeln.de/
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Zeichenerklärung - /
Hs. - Häkelschrift -
Abkürzung -
Anleitung -
bzw. - beziehugsweise -
lt. - laut - , ,
wdh. - wiederholen-
zus. - zusammen - , ,
- , . :
Lftm. Lm. - Luftmasche -
Stb - Stäbchen - /
h.Stb. - halbes Stäbchen -
D-Stb - Doppelstäbchen - / )
Kstb. - Kreuzstäbchen -
Kettm. - Kettmasche - /
f.M. - feste Masche – /
M - Masche -
Büschelmasche - /
U - Umschlag - , , /
Fdn. - Faden -
Schlinge - , /
Fd. - Fadenschlinge - , /
Fs. - Fußschlinge - ?, /?
Fb. - Farbe - ,
Wdh - wiederholen -
N - Nadel - ,
abm - abmaschen abgem - abgemascht - // +
Abb. - Abbildung - /
abk. - abketten - die Maschen abketten —
abzum. - abzumaschen - ?/ ?
anzuschl. - anzuschlagen - ? ?
B. - Blättchen - , ,
Dm. - Doppelmasche -
Gstb. - Gitterstäbchen - /
K. - Karo - ?, ?
Knl. - Knäuel - ,
Ms. - Mustersatz - //
R. - Reihe -
Rd. - Runde -
Zm. - Zählmuster -
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http://masterica.ucoz.org/publ/poleznaja_teorija/v...a_v_nemeckih_skhemakh/3-1-0-25
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German to English Knitting Terminology - Instructions with multiple stitches
This is the first of several posts listing German knitting terminology. This one lists basic stitches, plus various stitches that involve one or more knits, purls or slipped stitches. I've put this together from a lot of different online lists, introductions to lace knitting books (Christine Duchrow and Marianne Kinzel especially) and my own translations using online translators. I can't guarantee total accuracy since knitting terminology is inconsistent, even in English, and translators can't handle abbreviations or unusual terms. When I first tried to translate the German for "scalloped border", I got back "serrated conclusion"! In any case, this list has really helped me figure out old patterns. Any little bit helps, since the patterns that get me excited are usually written only in German.
German English
1 M. abheben, 2 M. rechts zusammenstr., die abgehobene M. daruberziehen sk2p (slip 1, knit 2 together, psso)
1 Masche abheben, 2 Maschen rechts zusammenstricken, die abgehobene Masche daruberziehen sk2p (slip 1, knit 2 together, psso)
1 Masche abheben, dann 2 Maschen rechts zusammenstricken und die abgehobene
Masche uber diese zusammengestrickte Masche ziehen sk2p (slip 1, knit 2 together, psso)
1 Masche abheben, die folge Masche rechts stricken, und die abgehobene abheben,
dann 1 Masche rechts stricken, undie die abgehobene Masche uberziehen skp (slip 1, knit 1, psso)
1 Masche links (stricken) - 1 M. links, 1 M. li. purl 1
1 Masche links verschrankt purl 1 through the back loop
1 Masche rechts (stricken) - 1 M. rechts, 1 M. re. knit 1
1 Masche rechts verdreht stricken indem man sie von inhrer Mitte nach hinten
hin abstrickt knit 1 through the back loop
1 Masche rechts verschrankt knit 1 through the back loop
1 Masche rechts verschrankt aus dem Masche-Querdraht herausstricken make 1 by lifting the thread between two stitches and knitting it through the back loop
1 Masche rechts, 1 Masche links k1, p1 into the same stitch
1 Masche rechts, 1 Masche rechts verschrankt - 1 M. re., 1 M. re verschrankt knit 1, knit 1 through the back loop
1 Masche wie zum Linksstricken abheben slip 1 purlwise
1 Masche wie zum Rechtstricken abheben slip 1 knitwise
1 Umschlag - 1 U yarn over
1. first
184 Maschen in der Runde 184 stitches in the round
2 Maschen abheben, dann 2 Maschen rechts zusammenstricken und die 2 abgehhobenen Maschen uber die zusammengestrickte Masche ziehen slip 2, knit 2 together, p2sso
2 Maschen links zusammenstricken - 2 M li zus purl 2 together
2 Maschen rechts verschrankt zusammenstricken knit 2 together through the back loops
2 Maschen rechts zu einer Masche zusammenstricken knit 2 together
2 Maschen rechts zusammenstricken - 2 M, r. zusammenstr, 2 M. r. zusstr. knit 2 together
2 Maschen zusammen zum Rechtstricken abheben , folgende Masche rechts stricken, dann die beiden abgehobenen Maschen daruberziehen slip 2 together as if to knit, knit 1, pass 2 slipped stitches over
2 Umschlage - dabei in der folgenden Runde den 1. Unschlag links oder rechts verschrankt, den 2 Umschlag rechts stricken yarn over twice - in the next round purl or twisted knit first yo, knit second yo.
2 Umschlage - in der folgenden Runde den 1. Unschlag rechts abstricken, den 2. Umschlag von der Nadel gleiten lassen yarn over twice - in the next round, knit first yo, slip second yo
2. second
3 Masche rechts zusammenstricken - 3 M. r. zusammenstr. knit 3 together
3 Maschen links zusammenstricken - 3 M. li zus purl 3 together
3 runden rechts knit three rounds
3 touren rechts knit three rounds
3 Umschlage - 3 Umschlage, in der folgende Runde aus diesen 3 U ingsesamt 5 M herausstricken und zwar: abweschselnd 1 M re, 1 M li yarn over three times - in the next round work 5 alternating k1, p1 stitches
4 M. rechts zusammenstricken - 4 M re zus knit 4 together - can slip 2 together, knit 2 together, pass 2 slipped stitches over.
4 Umschlage - in der folg Runde aus diesen 4 Umschlagen insgesamt 9 Maschen herausstricken, und zwar abwechselnd 1 M re, 1 M li yarn over four times - in the next round work nine stitches, alternating k1, p1.
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, , .
throw-threw-thrown, ()
fly-flew-flown, ()
catch-caught-caught, ()
bring-brought-brought. ()
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Fling-flung-flung ? ()
Cling-clung-clung , ()
!
, , say-said-said, ()
,
hear-heard-heard, ()
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feel-felt-felt ()
kneel-knelt-knelt... ( )
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Cost-cost-cost !!! ()
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By the way… - .
A drop in the bucket -
And so on and so forth - .. ..
As drunk as a lord -
As I said before… - ..
As innocent as a babe unborn -
As sure as eggs is eggs -
As to... (As for…) - …
Believe it or not, but - ,
Did I get you right? - ?
Don’t mention it -
Don’t take it to heart -
Forgive me, please, I meant well. - ,
He is not a man to be trifled with -
I am afraid you are wrong - ,
I didn’t catch the last word -
I mean it -
I was not attending -
If I am not mistaken -
If I remember rightly -
In other words… -
In short… -
It does you credit -
It doesn’t matter -
It is a good idea -
It is new to me -
Let us hope for the best -
May I ask you a question? - ?
Mind your own business -
Most likely -
Neither here nor there - ,
Next time lucky -
Nothing much -
Oh, that. That explains it -
On the one hand … -
On the other hand … -
Say it again, please - ,
That's where the trouble lies - !
Things happen -
What do you mean by saying it? - ?
What is the matter? - ?
Where were we? - ?
You were saying? - - ?
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