- . . 1492 , . , , . ( J.Nicot, 1560 . ) - , , (tabaco - .) - .
XVII , , . , . 1697 20 . . . 70: , "", "", "", , .
50- , , , "". XX , " " - "", "" "". 1924 Marlboro. 50- . ( ) . 1975 Marlboro .
"" 1913 . , 1875 . . , . 20 - 30 "" N1 .
. . - , " , ". , . , , : , .
1,1 . 58 % 12 % . 30% , 28% . - 28% 24%.
.
200 . 6000 , 72 000 2 000 000 45- , 15 .
120 ( 40). 850 . 100 . , .
, 13 , 12 - , 10 - . 96 - 99% . - . 2 .
, - . "" , .. ( " ").
600-1000 .. - , . . , , , . '.
12 , 1492 - - .
1492 - (Rodrigo Jerez Luis de Torres) , . Jerez - .
16- : , , 6- : , , (morning glory) .
1518 - (Juan de Grijalva) , .
1530 - : "" - Nicotiana tabacum "" Nicotiana rustica.
1531 - -. .
1535 - .
1556 - (Andre Thevet) (Nicotiana tabacum) , , .
1558 - . .
1559 - - (Jean Nicot) - , .
1561 - , Prospero di Santa Croce.
1565 - , .
1570 - . .
1570 - . , .
1571 - " " , , , . (Nicolas Monardes) " " (New World plants) , 36 . " " - .
1575 - 1600 / . .
1575 - 1600 . "" . .
1575 - 1600 . , .
1575 - 1600 . , .
1585 - .
1586 - . "De plantis epitome utilissima" , " ".
1587 - . , , "De herbe panacea" .
1603 - . , , . : , , . , , , , . - .
1617 - . .
1623 - . . VIII , .
1628 - . 500,000 .
1634 - . . - , , - .
1638 - 1,400,000 , .
1638 - . , . , . 1641 .
1639 - (-). .
1644 - . . .
1650 - 1675 . .
1659 - . .
1674 - . XIV , .
1674 - . , - . , . .
1724 - XIII .
1730 - . .
1760 - - , . "P. Lorillard" .
1789-1799 .
1795 - , .
1828 - . , , " ".
1843 - .
1856 - .
1880 - .
1881 - . , .
1883 - .
1889 - - 2,413,349,000 (2.4 ).
1889 - "American Tobacco Company" 5 .
1890- , 0.50 $ 1.50 , .. - .
1900 - 600 40 2 .
1900 - , , .
1902 - . 0.54 $ , .
1904 - 3 , .
1905 - . "Food and Drug Act" 1906 . Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
1907 - . "American Tobacco Company" () .
1912 - 13 .
1918 - Camel 40 % .
1940 - (): R.J. Reynolds, American Tobacco, Liggett & Myers, Brown & Williamson, Philip Morris.
1940 - (): "Camel" (RJR) - 24%, "Lucky Strike" (ATC) - 22.6%, "Chesterfield" (L&M) - 18%, "Raleigh" (B&W) - 5.1%, "Old Gold" (Lorillard) - 3%, "Pall Mall" (Philip Morris) - 2%, (10 ) - 12% ( ).
1965 - .
1. - , .
2. , 150 20 , 20 .
3. 3000 , , .
4. 10% ( 20 - 20%).
5. . , , , , 2-3 , - 9 .
6. 5-7 , . , , .
7. - . - .
8. 2-8 , . 3-4 .
9. . , , . , 60% , , , .
10. , 95% , , . , , .