-Ðóáðèêè

 -Ïîèñê ïî äíåâíèêó

Ïîèñê ñîîáùåíèé â Afina777

 -Ïîäïèñêà ïî e-mail

 

 -Ñòàòèñòèêà

Ñòàòèñòèêà LiveInternet.ru: ïîêàçàíî êîëè÷åñòâî õèòîâ è ïîñåòèòåëåé
Ñîçäàí: 04.02.2010
Çàïèñåé: 13690
Êîììåíòàðèåâ: 1508
Íàïèñàíî: 15601


Say, Tell, Speak, Talk

Ïîíåäåëüíèê, 12 ßíâàðÿ 2015 ã. 12:34 + â öèòàòíèê
Öèòàòà ñîîáùåíèÿ Spirit_of_Sky Åñòü ìíîæåñòâî èíòåðåñíûõ è ýêçîòè÷íûõ òåì äëÿ íîâûõ ñòàòåé. Âîò, íàïðèìåð, íàóêà, âîçíèêøàÿ íà ñòûêå ëèíãâèñòèêè è ïñèõîëîãèè è ãîðäî èìåíóåìàÿ ïñèõîëèíãâèñòèêîé, èëè îíîìàòîïîýòè÷åñêèå (çâóêîïîäðàæàòåëüíûå) ñëîâà â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå. È ìàíÿò îíè ìåíÿ, è ìàíÿò… Íî, åñòü òåìû ãîðàçäî áîëåå down-to-earth, äàæå áîëåå òîãî, òåìû âå÷íûå. Îíè ÷åðïàþòñÿ èç óðîêîâ è òåõ îøèáîê, êîòîðûå ÷àñòî âñòðå÷àþòñÿ ó èçó÷àþùèõ àíãëèéñêèé. Îäíà èç òàêèõ òåì – óïîòðåáëåíèå ãëàãîëîâ say, tell, talk, speak. Áóäó÷è áëèçêèìè ïî ñìûñëó, îíè âìåñòå ñ òåì èìåþò ðàçëè÷íîå çíà÷åíèå è íþàíñû èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ. Èìåííî îá ýòîé ñëàâíîé ÷åòâåðêå è ïîéäåò ðå÷ü íèæå.

talk-speach-tell-say10 (355x344, 36Kb)




Íåñîìíåííûé Ä’Àðòàíüÿí – îäèí èç íàèáîëåå ÷àñòî âñòðå÷àþùèõñÿ ãëàãîëîâ to say -ñêàçàòü.

Èñïîëüçóåòñÿ â ñëåäóþùèõ ñëó÷àÿõ:

1) Äëÿ ïåðåäà÷è ïðÿìîé ðå÷è

She said, “Give me back my cookie!”

2) Ñêàçàòü ÷òî-òî (êîìó-òî) - words such as something, nothing, anything, much etc.

The weather forecast doesn’t say anything about snow this morning.

Did the doctor say much about your weight lost?

3) that-clause (he said that), that ìîæåò áûòü îïóùåíî.

He has never really said that he is love with me.

John said he had received some good news.

×àñòàÿ îøèáêà: If we want to put a personal object after say, we use to (ñêàçàòü êîìó-òî ÷òî-òî to say something to somebody).

Wrong: He said me “Good morning.”

Right: He said “Good morning” to me.


Ñëåäóþùèé èç ÷åòâåðêè – ãëàãîë to tell, èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ ïåðåäà÷è èíôîðìàöèè è èìååò çíà÷åíèå «ðàññêàçûâàòü», «ñîîáùàòü». Ïîñëå tell èñïîëüçóåòñÿ êîñâåííîå èëè ïðÿìîå äîïîëíåíèå (tell someone something). Ïðåäëîãè ïîñëå tell íå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ.

Wrong: He told to me his story.

Right: Nobody told Jim about the meeting.

She never tells the same story twice.

He told me nothing about himself.


Åùå îäèí ìóøêåòåð – to speak óêàçûâàåò íà âîçìîæíîñòü ãîâîðèòü âîîáùå, íà ñàì ôàêò ðå÷è, à íå å¸ ñîäåðæàíèå.

I would like to speak to her.

Òàêæå speak îòíîñèòñÿ ê çíàíèþ è óïîòðåáëåíèþ êîíêðåòíîãî ÿçûêà.

She speaks seven languages, but only two fluently.

Òàêæå èñïîëüçóåòñÿ â ñëó÷àå ïåðåäà÷è îáðàùåíèÿ ê ìíîæåñòâó ëþäåé.

The Prime Minister refused to speak to the journalists.


Íó, è ïîñëåäíèé ãëàãîë – to talk - "to use spoken language to express oneself", ò.å ïðîñòî ðàçãîâàðèâàòü. Ãëàãîëû to talk è to speak ïîõîæè, íî speak èìååò áîëåå îôèöèàëüíûé îòòåíîê, â òî âðåìÿ êàê talk – ðàçãîâîðíûé.

When she walked into the room, everybody stopped talking.

They talked for hours about cars.

Can I talk to Mr. Lee, please?

Íó, è íàïîñëåäîê õîòåëîñü áû ñêàçàòü, ÷òî îäíèìè ïðàâèëàìè òóò íå îòäåëàåøüñÿ. Äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû ïðàâèëüíî óïîòðåáëÿòü ñëîâà, íåîáõîäèìà ïðàêòèêà, ò.å. íóæíî ÷óâñòâîâàòü, ÷òî äàííîå ñëîâî çäåñü íà ñâîåì ìåñòå.

241946_443598869013336_1288170845_o (700x700, 133Kb)
Ðóáðèêè:  àíãëèéñêèé îáðàçîâàíèå/âçðîñëûå

 

Äîáàâèòü êîììåíòàðèé:
Òåêñò êîììåíòàðèÿ: ñìàéëèêè

Ïðîâåðêà îðôîãðàôèè: (íàéòè îøèáêè)

Ïðèêðåïèòü êàðòèíêó:

 Ïåðåâîäèòü URL â ññûëêó
 Ïîäïèñàòüñÿ íà êîììåíòàðèè
 Ïîäïèñàòü êàðòèíêó