Êóïèëà â ìàãàçèíå äåòñêóþ ñìåñü è ïðèãîòîâèëà èç íåå íàòóðàëüíóþ äîìàøíþþ Íóòåëëó (äåëþñü ðåöåïòîì)!...
ÌÓÆÑÊÎÉ ÑÍÓÄ – ÊÀÏÞØÎÍ - (0)Ìóæñêîé ñíóä – êàïþøîí Áåðåì ñïèöû ¹4 è íàáèðàåì 155 ïåòåëü. ×åðåäóåì óçîðû ïî ñõåìå ¹1 è¹2 ...
ÊÀÊ ÃÎËÎÄÀÍÈÅ ÂÎÑÑÒÀÍÀÂËÈÂÀÅÒ ÏÎÄÆÅËÓÄÎ×ÍÓÞ ÆÅËÅÇÓ - (0)Êàê ãîëîäàíèå âîññòàíàâëèâàåò ïîäæåëóäî÷íóþ æåëåçó ×èòàòü äàëåå ...
ÑÀËÎ ÏÐÎÊÐÓ×ÅÍÍÎÅ Ñ ×ÅÑÍÎÊÎÌ - ÍÅÆÍÀß È ÂÊÓÑÍÀß ÇÀÊÓÑÊÀ ÄËß ÒÅÕ, ÊÒÎ ËÞÁÈÒ ÑÀËÎ - (0)Ñàëî ïðîêðó÷åííîå ñ ÷åñíîêîì - íåæíàÿ è âêóñíàÿ çàêóñêà äëÿ òåõ, êòî ëþáèò ñàëî Çèìîé ýòà çàêó...
ÌÀÑÒÅÐ-ÊËÀÑÑ ÎÒÊÐÛÒÛÉ ÐÎÒÈÊ Ñ ßÇÛ×ÊÎÌ. ÍÀÒÀËÜß ÊÓÇÜÌÈÍÀ - (1)Ìàñòåð-êëàññ îòêðûòûé ðîòèê ñ ÿçû÷êîì. Íàòàëüÿ Êóçüìèíà Ïîäðîáíûé ïîøàãîâûé ìàñòåð-êë...
ÀÐÒÈÊËÜ Â ÀÍÃËÈÉÑÊÎÌ ßÇÛÊÅ |
Àðòèêëü — ýòî ñëóæåáíîå ñëîâî, ïîÿñíÿþùåå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíîå, êàê áû ÿðëû÷îê, ïðèêðåïëÿåìûé ê êàæäîìó ñóùåñòâèòåëüíîìó, ÷òîáû ëåã÷å áûëî ñ íèìè ðàçîáðàòüñÿ. Íà ðóññêèé ÿçûê àðòèêëü ÷àñòî íå ïåðåâîäèòñÿ, ïîñêîëüêó â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå àðòèêëÿ íåò. Òåì íå ìåíåå àðòèêëü èìååò ñâîå çíà÷åíèå, ïîíÿòíîå ãîâîðÿùèì íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå.
Êàæäîå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíîå (êðîìå èìåí) îáÿçàíî èìåòü àðòèêëü, è òîëüêî îäèí.
Ê ñëîâó, íàñêîëüêî íåâåðíàÿ òåðìèíîëîãèÿ ìîæåò ñáèòü ëþäåé ñ òîëêó, íàñòîëüêî ïðàâèëüíàÿ ìîæåò íàó÷èòü! ß íå çíàþ, ÷åì äóìàëè ôèëîëîãè, íàçûâàÿ, íàïðèìåð, ïðîñòîå ïðîøåäøåå âðåìÿ «íåîïðåäåë¸ííûì» (õîòÿ êàê ðàç ýòî âðåìÿ ïðèìåíÿåòñÿ äëÿ äåéñòâèé, êîòîðûå ïðîèçîøëè â îïðåäåë¸ííûé ìîìåíò âðåìåíè â ïðîøëîì!), íî óæ ïðèäóìàòü äëÿ àðòèêëåé ïðàâèëüíûå íàçâàíèÿ áîëüøîãî óìà-òî íå íàäî… Íî âû òåïåðü êîíêðåòíî çíàåòå îáùåå ïðàâèëî äëÿ the, òàê ÷òî ìîæíî ïåðåõîäèòü ê ÷àñòíîñòÿì. Èòàê,
 øêîëå äëÿ íîâûõ ðóññêèõ ïðåïîäàþò àíãëèéñêèé. Ó÷èòåëü: — Ñëóøàéòå, ïàöàíû, åñëè íåò àðòèêëÿ, òî ýòî ïåðåâîäèòñÿ êàê «òèïà», åñëè åñòü îïðåäåë¸ííûé àðòèêëü, òî ýòî ïåðåâîäèòñÿ êàê «êîíêðåòíî»!
I saw a movie last night. The movie was about Russia. — ß âèäåë (êàêîé-òî) ôèëüì â÷åðà âå÷åðîì. (Ýòîò) ôèëüì áûë ïðî Ðîññèþ.
Close the door, please — Çàêðîé äâåðü (èìååòñÿ â âèäó äâåðü êîìíàòû, â êîòîðîé íàõîäÿòñÿ ãîâîðÿùèé è ñëóøàþùèé)
| îïðåäåëåííûé àðòèêëü óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ | îïðåäåëåííûé àðòèêëü íå óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ |
|
ôàìèëèÿ âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì ÷èñëå, êîãäà òðåáóåòñÿ íàçâàòü âñåõ ÷ëåíîâ îäíîé ñåìüè the Browns, the Petrovs |
èìåíà (â ò.÷. íàçâàíèÿ ãîðîäîâ è ñòðàí) John, Mary, Julianna, Irina, Moscow, Odessa, Ukraine*, America (íî: the Hague — èñêë.) |
|
íàöèè, íàöèîíàëüíîñòè, ýòíè÷åñêèå ãðóïïû êàê öåëîå the Americans, the Japanese, the Indians |
|
|
ÿçûêè (òîëüêî ñî ñëîâîì language) the English language, the Russian language |
ÿçûêè (îäíî ñëîâî — áåç language) English, French, Russian, Thai, Swahili |
|
íàçâàíèÿ ãîñóäàðñòâ, ñîäåðæàùèå ñëîâî ðåñïóáëèêà, ñîþç, êîðîëåâñòâî è ò.ï. the United States [of America], the United Kingdom [of Great Britain and Northern Ireland], the South African Republic, the Soviet Union, the German Federal Republic, the People’s Republic of China |
ñòðàíû â åäèíñòâåííîì ÷èñëå, íàçâàíèå êîòîðûõ âîñïðèíèìàåòñÿ êàê èìÿ (îáû÷íî ñîñòîèò èç 1 ñëîâà), â òîì ÷èñëå íàçâàíèÿ îòäåëüíûõ øòàòîâ England, France, China, Ukraine, Germany, Georgia, Utah, Arkansas, Great Britain, Northern Ireland, South Africa |
|
ñòðàíû è äðóãèå ãåîãðàôè÷åñêèå íàçâàíèÿ âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì ÷èñëå the Netherlands, the United States, the Philippines, the Canary Islands, the Urals, the Great Lakes |
|
|
òåððèòîðèè è ÷àñòè ñòðàí, íå ÿâëÿþùèåñÿ íåçàâèñèìûìè èëè ñàìîáûòíûìè îáðàçîâàíèÿìè (êðîìå íàçâàíèé ñåâåðîàìåðèêàíñêèõ øòàòîâ) the Crimea |
|
|
îêåàíû, ìîðÿ, çàëèâû, ïðîëèâû, ðåêè, ãðóïïû îçåð, àðõèïåëàãè, ãîðíûå öåïè, ïóñòûíè the Arctic, the Black Sea, the Persian Gulf, the British Channel, the Danube, the Great Lakes, the Bahamas, the Caucasus, the Sahara Desert |
îòäåëüíûå îçåðà, âîäîïàäû, ãîðû [Lake] Baikal, Victoria Falls, [Mount] Vesuvius, Montblanc, Everest, Elbrus |
|
ñòîðîíû ñâåòà the South, the North, the West, the Middle East |
êîíòèíåíòû Europe, North America, East Asia, South Africa |
|
çåìëÿ, íåáî, ëóíà, ñîëíöå the earth, the sky, the moon, the sun |
ïëàíåòû, çâåçäû, ñîçâåçäèÿ Jupiter, Mars, Cancer |
|
èñòîðè÷åñêèå äîêóìåíòû the Magna Carta (Âåëèêàÿ Õàðòèÿ Âîëüíîñòåé) |
çàãîëîâêè ñòàòåé Heat Rise Clue To Shuttle Disaster |
|
âîéíû (êðîìå ìèðîâûõ ñ êîëè÷åñòâåííûì ÷èñëèòåëüíûì) the Crimean War, the Second World War |
ìèðîâûå âîéíû ñ êîëè÷åñòâåííûì ÷èñëèòåëüíûì World War One (WWI), World War Two |
|
ó÷åáíûå çàâåäåíèÿ — åñëè íàçâàíèå íà÷èíàåòñÿ ñî ñëîâà øêîëà è ò.ï. the State University of Odessa |
ó÷åáíûå çàâåäåíèÿ — åñëè íàçâàíèå íà÷èíàåòñÿ ñ èìåíè ñîáñòâåííîãî Odessa State University, Stolyarskiy School |
|
íàçâàíèÿ ñóäîâ the Titanic |
|
|
òåàòðû, ãîñòèíèöû, ðåñòîðàíû, ïàáû, ìóçåè, ãàëåðåè, ãàçåòû the Hilton Hotel, the Morning Star, the New York Times |
óëèöû, ïëîùàäè, ïàðêè, ñòàíöèè ìåòðî, àýðîïîðòû Main Street, Central Park, Heathrow Airport, Kennedy Airport, Red Square |
|
ïîðÿäêîâûå ÷èñëèòåëüíûå, òæ. ñëîâà last, next the First World War, the second lesson, the next exercise, the last chapter (ïðèìå÷àíèå: â íîìåðàõ âîéñêîâûõ ñîåäèíåíèé àðòèêëü ìîæåò îïóñêàòüñÿ, åñëè íàçâàíèå ÷àñòè óêàçûâàåòñÿ â ñâîäêå íîâîñòåé, ïîñëóæíîì ñïèñêå èòï, à íå â ñâÿçíîì ïîâåñòâîâàíèè) |
êîëè÷åñòâåííûå ÷èñëèòåëüíûå ïîñëå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûõ Text Six, page five, lesson 23, Room 8 |
|
ñëîâî other â ñî÷åòàíèè ñ ïàðíûì ïðåäìåòîì, ëèáî îäíèì èç äâóõ ïðåäìåòîâ, ëèáî îñòàòêîì ÷åãî-ëèáî the other glove |
|
|
ñëîâî radio â ñî÷åòàíèè ñ ãëàãîëàìè âîñïðèÿòèÿ listen to the radio |
ñëîâî television â ñî÷åòàíèè ñ ãëàãîëàìè âîñïðèÿòèÿ watch television |
|
ñëîâà bed, table, school, college, church, êîãäà îíè îáîçíà÷àþò êîíêðåòíûé ïðåäìåò èëè çäàíèå to come into the church |
ñëîâà bed, table, school, college, church, home, êîãäà îíè îáîçíà÷àþò íå ïðåäìåò, à ñâÿçàííóþ ñ íèì äåÿòåëüíîñòü (ñîí è ò.ï.) to go to bed |
|
ñëîâî hospital â àìåðèêàíñêîì àíãëèéñêîì go to the hospital |
ñëîâî hospital â áðèòàíñêîì àíãëèéñêîì go to hospital |
|
ðàçãîâîðíûå íàçâàíèÿ áîëåçíåé the flu, the measles, the mumps |
íàó÷íûå íàçâàíèÿ áîëåçíåé bronchitis, maxillary sinusitis |
|
ìóçûêàëüíûå èíñòðóìåíòû (âñåãäà) the piano, the violin |
âèäû ñïîðòà, øàõìàòû, êàðòî÷íûå èãðû soccer, tennis, chess, whist |
|
ìåñÿöû, äíè íåäåëè, ïðàçäíèêè Monday, Friday, February, August, Christmas, Martinmas |
|
|
|
òðàïåçû, âðåìÿ ïðè¸ìà ïèùè breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper |
|
âûðàæåíèÿ óòðîì, äí¸ì, âå÷åðîì in the morning / afternoon / evening |
âûðàæåíèÿ òèïà çàâòðà óòðîì, ïðîøëûì âå÷åðîì tomorrow morning, last night |
|
îêðóæàþùèå ïðåäìåòû áûòà; òî, ÷òî èçâåñòíî âñåì è íå òðåáóåòñÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíî ïðåäñòàâëÿòü the sun, the sky, the door, the floor, the table, the window |
àáñòðàêòíûå, îòâëå÷åííûå ïîíÿòèÿ, ÷óâñòâà è ýìîöèè love, patience, happiness, freedom |
|
íàóêè, ó÷åáíûå ïðåäìåòû è äèñöèïëèíû mathematics, physics, economics, biology |
|
|
íàçâàíèÿ âåùåñòâ water, gas, beer |
|
|
íàçâàíèÿ äîëæíîñòåé, êîòîðûå ìîæåò çàíèìàòü òîëüêî îäèí ÷åëîâåê Opponents accuse the president of authoritarian rule |
íàçâàíèÿ äîëæíîñòåé, êîòîðûå ìîæåò çàíèìàòü òîëüêî îäèí ÷åëîâåê, êàê èìåííàÿ ÷àñòü ñîñòàâíîãî ñêàçóåìîãî èëè ïîñëå ãëàãîëîâ elect, appoint He was appointed Chief Executive Officer |
|
ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, ïåðåä êîòîðûìè ñòîèò ïðèëàãàòåëüíîå â ïðåâîñõîäíîé ñòåïåíè the tallest building in the city |
|
|
ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, ïîñëå êîòîðûõ ñòîèò ïðåäëîã of, îçíà÷àþùèé ëèìèòèðóþùåå îïðåäåëåíèå the color of amber, the feelings of the people of Zimbabwe, the negative report of the UN weapons inspector |
ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, ïîñëå êîòîðûõ ñòîèò ïðåäëîã of, îçíà÷àþùèé îïèñàòåëüíîå îïðåäåëåíèå a book of interest, a group of children, a temperature of 20°, a ring of gold, a cup of tea, a boy of five, a glass of orange juice |
|
íàðå÷èÿ â ñðàâíèòåëüíîé ñòåïåíè â êîíñòðóêöèè ÷åì… òåì… the sooner you will come, the better it is |
íåêîòîðûå èäèîìàòè÷åñêèå âûðàæåíèÿ on board |
|
íåêîòîðûå óñòîé÷èâûå ñëîâîñî÷åòàíèÿ ñ ïðåäëîãîì in in the morning / afternoon / evening / street |
íåêîòîðûå óñòîé÷èâûå ñëîâîñî÷åòàíèÿ ñ ïðåäëîãîì at at night / work / home |
| Ðóáðèêè: | âñ¸ äëÿ äåòåé |
| Êîììåíòèðîâàòü | « Ïðåä. çàïèñü — Ê äíåâíèêó — Ñëåä. çàïèñü » | Ñòðàíèöû: [1] [Íîâûå] |