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Australian culture and customs are unique, but not as unique as the Australian language. Our own style of English is so full of colloquial expressions, slang words and slang phrases it is enough to confuse other speakers of English quite easily.
So just so you don't look like a complete drongo, here are enough Aussie words to help you get by in Australian society! Now, the accent, well thats another story...
The really basic basics.
G’day is hullo, pronounced Gidday which is a shortened form of Good Day, and used mostly in informal situations. More formally we would say Hullo, Good Morning, Good Afternoon, or the likes.

Goodbye is, um, er, Goodbye. Although some people say Hooroo, pronounced ‘ooroo.
Bloke is an Aussie male who generally is a hard worker and does the right thing. Eg., "Bill’s a Good Bloke".
Mate is Friend, mainly for males. Everyone in Australia is mate, so we would often say "G’day mate" or "Thanks mate".
Onya means Well Done, a shortened form of Good On You. The best "Aussieism" in my opinion.

Abbreviations
For some reason Australians shorten words wherever possible, particularly peoples names. They are generally shortened to one syllable if possible, and then have a suffix added to the end. Here are a few examples:-

"a"

A Cup of Tea or Coffee becomes a Cuppa.

"ie"

Angela becomes Angie.
Australian becomes Aussie
Barbecue become Barbie
Elizabeth becomes Lizzie
Football becomes Footy, pronounced with a soft "T" somewhere between T & D.

"o"

Burgess becomes Burgo
Johnathon becomes Johnno
Smoko means a break from work for a smoke, which now means a tea break even if you don’t smoke.

"zza" or just "z’

Marion become Mazza or Maz
Sharon become Shazza or Shaz
Warwick (me) becomes Wozza (which I hate) or Woz.
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Oh, and by the way, what's a drongo?
a stupid, inept, awkward or embarrassing person, a dimwit or slow-witted person

 

More information:

http://www.aussieslang.com/features...lang-basics.asp
http://www.koalanet.com.au/australian-slang.html
http://www.dunway.com/html/aussie_slang.html

Thanks to amlugos

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