1246
1380 .
1392 .
1571 -.
1776
- , . , XI-XII . . 1246 . , , . . , .
1375 . , . . 1380 . . . 1392 . .
XV . , 1508 . .
. . . XX
V. Polenov. Chapel on the Oka. Early XX century
. . . C XX
N. Krymov. Landscape in Tarusa. Middle of XX century
, . XVI . . 1571 . -. , , .
TARUSA
Perhaps, in XI-XII centuries, Tarusa was already a big town, which can partly be proved by archaeological evidence. In documents, Tarusa was first mentioned in 1246 as the centre of a separate principality. At that time Tarusa was an important fortress and base on the Oka.
In 1375, three princes - of Moscow, of Tarusa, and of Obolonsk formed a union. In 1380, in the famous Kulikovskaya battle, the prince of Tarusa and most part of his army were killed. As he did not have an heir, his town and land was integrated into Moscow principality.
In the middle of XV century, Tarusa fell to Lithuania. Only in 1508, after a long struggle, Moscow finally regained the Tarusa and other towns of the region. After that Tarusa became one of the forts to protect Moscow from the south. The Tatars from the Crimea and Nogay horde often assaulted on Tarusa in XVI century, and before the early XVII century the town remained part of the Moscow 'defensive line' of forts along the Oka.
But gradually the town of Aleksin took over the role of Tarusa as defensive point. The garrison was transferred there. The documents of XVII century can tell us little about Tarusa. We know, however, that there was a terrible plague in the region in the middle of the century. Besides, many citizens of Tarusa migrated southwards and in 1681 there were only 20 dwelled houses in the town. Further on, Tarusa more and more depended on richer and more developed Serpukhov.
By the early XIX century, Tarusa housed about 600 citizens. It developed slowly as more prosperous neighbouring towns attracted almost all its craftsmen.
When the Patriotic War of 1812 ended, the life in Tarusa grew more active. By the middle of XIX century, its population-numbered three thousand while of 250 houses 11 were made of stone.
The quiet and beautiful town became a favourite resort for men of art in the late XIX - early XX centuries. Its picturesque surroundings especially attracted landscape painters.
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