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1.^ , : 624544 . . .; 623543 . . .; 563486 . . .; 571491 . . .; 453373 . . .; 448368 . . . .
2.^ .
3.^ Lopez Buddhism in Practice. Princeton University Press, 1995. P. 16.
4.^ Digha Nikaya 2.52
5.^ Therigatha 83 A?guttara Nikaya 1.363
6.^ Mahavastu 1,355
7.^ Suttanipata 1,357, Mahava?sa II.18-22
8.^ Mahavastu 1.355-7
9.^ Mahava?sa II.21-4
10.^ Buddhava?sa
11.^ 1 2 Michael Carrithers, The Buddha, 1983, pages 13, 14. Found in Founders of Faith, Oxford University Press, 1986.
12.^ Sue Hamilton, Identity and Experience. LUZAC Oriental, 1996, pages 110111.
13.^ Carrithers, page 15.
14.^ Romila Thapar, The Penguin History of Early India: From Origins to AD 1300. Penguin Books, 2002, page 137.
15.^ Richard Gombrich, Theravada Buddhism: A Social History from Ancient Benares to Modern Colombo. Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1988, pages 49-50.
16.^ Armstrong, Karen (2000), Buddha, (UK) Orion, ISBN 978-0-7538-1340 
17.^ Sacred-texts.com
18.^ Buddhanet.net
19.^ Sarca indica, Ashoka Tree, Ashoka (.). 6 2010.
20.^ 1 2 Narada A Manual of Buddhism. Buddha Educational Foundation, 1992. P. 912. ISBN 967-9920-58-5
21.^ Narada (1992), p1112
22.^ 1 2 Narada (1992), p14
23.^ Narada (1992), pp15-16
24.^ Narada (1992), pp19-20
25.^ , ,
26.^ Maha-parinibbana Sutta (DN 16), verse 56
27.^ As is now almost universally accepted by informed Indological scholarship, a re-examination of early Buddhist historical material, , necessitates a redating of the Buddhas death to between 411 and 400 BCE. Paul Dundas, The Jains, 2nd edition, (Routledge, 2001), p. 24
28.^ It is therefore possible that much of what is found in the Suttapitaka is earlier than c.250 B.C., perhaps even more than 100 years older than this. If some of the material is so old, it might be possible to establish what texts go back to the very beginning of Buddhism, texts which perhaps include the substance of the Buddhas teaching, and in some cases, maybe even his words. How old is the Suttapitaka? Alexander Wynne, St Johns College, 2003, p.22 (this article is available on the website of the Oxford Centre for Buddhist Studies: [www.ocbs.org/research/Wynne.pdf]
29.^ It would be hypocritical to assert that nothing can be said about the doctrine of earliest Buddhism the basic ideas of Buddhism found in the canonical writings could very well have been proclaimed by him [the Buddha], transmitted and developed by his disciples and, finally, codified in fixed formulas. J.W. De Jong, 1993: The Beginnings of Buddhism, in The Eastern Buddhist, vol. 26, no. 2, p. 25
30.^ The Mahayana movement claims to have been founded by the Buddha himself. The consensus of the evidence, however, is that it originated in South India in the 1st century CE-Indian Buddhism, AK Warder, 3rd edition, 1999, p. 335.

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