ÐÀÁÎÒÀÅÌ ÑÎ ÑËÎÂÀÌÈ
Ñëîâà - ýòî òå "êèðïè÷èêè", èç êîòîðûõ ñîñòîèò ÿçûê. Åñëè âû íå çíàåòå äîñòàòî÷íî ñëîâ, âû íå ñìîæåòå ïîíÿòü äðóãîãî ÷åëîâåêà è íå ñìîæåòå âûðàçèòü ñâîè ìûñëè. Ðàñøèðüòå ñâîé ñëîâàðíûé çàïàñ èëè ïðîâåðüòå, âñå ëè ñëîâà è èõ çíà÷åíèÿ âû çíàåòå è ïîíèìàåòå ïðàâèëüíî.
Ïðèìå÷àíèå: ïðèâåä¸ííûå íèæå ñëîâà ìîãóò èìåòü è äðóãèå çíà÷åíèÿ.  ñïèñêå íèæå ïðèâîäÿòñÿ òîëüêî çíà÷åíèÿ, îòíîñèòåëüíî îáîçíà÷åííîé òåìû.
pieces of clothing – ïðåäìåòû îäåæäû
Óâàæàåìûå ÷èòàòåëè, âàì, äîëæíî áûòü, óæå çíàêîìû íåêîòîðûå àíãëèéñêèå ñëîâà, îáîçíà÷àþùèå îäåæäó èëè å¸ ÷àñòè. Ñåãîäíÿ ìû óçíàåì íåìíîãî áîëüøå ñëîâ íà ýòó òåìó! Èòàê,
necklace / 'nekləs/ – îæåðåëüå
sleeve / sliːv/ – ðóêàâ
collar / 'kɔlə/ – âîðîòíèê, âîðîòíè÷îê
tights / taɪts/ – êîëãîòêè, ëîñèíû
dressing-gown /'dresɪŋˌgaun/– äîìàøíèé õàëàò
buckle / 'bʌkl/ – ïðÿæêà, çàñòåæêà
mittens / 'mɪt(ə)ns/ - âàðåæêè, ðóêîâèöû
laces / leɪsez/ – øíóðêè
heel /hiːl/ - êàáëóê
sole / səul/ – ïîäîøâà
running shoes / 'rʌnɪŋ, ʃuːz/ – êðîññîâêè
trainers / 'treɪnəz/ – êåäû
zip / zɪp/ – çàñò¸æêà “ìîëíèÿ”
flip-flops / 'flɪpflɔps/ – øë¸ïêè, âüåòíàìêè
studs / stʌds/ – çàïîíêè
ÓÑÒÎÉ×ÈÂÛÅ ÂÛÐÀÆÅÍÈß
 ëþáîì ÿçûêå åñòü óñòîÿâøèåñÿ âûðàæåíèÿ, êîòîðûå î÷åíü ÷àñòî óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ â ðå÷è è íà ïèñüìå, èñïîëüçîâàíèå òàêèõ ôðàç äåëàåò ðå÷ü áîëåå ãëàäêîé è åñòåñòâåííîé. Çíàíèå òàêèõ âûðàæåíèé íà àíãëèéñêîì î÷åíü âàì ïîìîæåò â îáùåíèè !
do up – çàñò¸ãèâàòü
undo – ðàññò¸ãèâàòü
– Do up your jacket, son, it’s quite windy today. – I can’t do it up, dad, the zip is broken! Çàñòåãíè êóðòêó, ñûíîê, ñåãîäíÿ äîâîëüíî âåòðåííî. – Íå ìîãó çàñòåãíóòü å¸, ïàï, ìîëíèÿ ñëîìàíà!
pay a compliment – ñäåëàòü êîìïëèìåíò
fish for compliments – íàïðàøèâàòüñÿ íà êîìïëèìåíòû
– If your wife can’t stop criticizing her meal – she is obviously fishing for compliments! Åñëè Âàøà æåíà íå ïåðåñòà¸ò ðóãàòü ñâî¸ áëþäî, îíà ÿâíî íàïðàøèâàåòñÿ íà êîìïëèìåíò!
ÑÒÐÎÈÌ ÏÐÅÄËÎÆÅÍÈß
Ïðîñòî çíàòü ñëîâà - ìàëî. Åñëè âû íå ìîæåòå âûñòðîèòü èõ â ïðåäëîæåíèå, îíè ïðîñòî áóäóò íàáîðîì ñëîâ, à âû ïðåâðàùàåòåñü íå áîëåå, ÷åì â õîäÿ÷óþ êàðòîòåêó, ñïðàâî÷íèê. Äàæå êîãäà âû ñëûøèòå çíàêîìûå ñëîâà, êîòîðûå ãîâîðèò äðóãîé ÷åëîâåê (èëè ÷èòàåòå íàïèñàííîå), èíîãäà áûâàåò òðóäíî ïîíÿòü, ÷òî æå õîòåë ýòèì ñêàçàòü ãîâîðÿùèé (èëè òîò, êòî ïèøåò). Åñëè ñ âàìè òàêîå ñëó÷àëîñü, ýòî âåðíûé çíàê òîãî, ÷òî íóæíî ïîðàáîòàòü íàä ãðàììàòèêîé.
fit/ suit/ match
Ýòè òðè ñëîâà – fit, suit, match – ïåðåâîäÿòñÿ íà ðóññêèé ÿçûê ïðèìåðíî îäèíàêîâî – «ïîäõîäèòü, ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü». Îäíàêî ïî çíà÷åíèþ îíè ïðèíöèïèàëüíî îòëè÷àþòñÿ!
Ãîâîðÿ îá îäåæäå, «fit» îçíà÷àåò «ïîäõîäèòü ïî ðàçìåðó/ôîðìå» :
Those shoes don’t fit the boy anymore, he has grown out of them
Ýòè áîòèíêè áîëüøå íå ïîäõîäÿò ìàëü÷èêó, îí èç íèõ âûðîñ.
Ñëîâî «suit», â ñâîþ î÷åðåäü, èìååò çíà÷åíèå «ïîäõîäèòü, ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü áëàãîäàðÿ ñâîèì îáùèì ÷åðòàì è êà÷åñòâàì» :
Orange color doesn’t suit people with ginger hair.
Îðàíæåâûé öâåò íå èä¸ò ëþäÿì ñ ðûæûìè âîëîñàìè.
È, íàêîíåö, ñëîâî «match» èìååò çíà÷åíèå «ïîäõîäèòü, áûòü ïàðîé ê ïîõîæåìó ïî ñâîèì ïðèçíàêàì ïðåäìåòó» :
This black bag matches your black shoes !
Ýòà ÷¸ðíàÿ ñóìêà ïîäõîäèò ïîä òâîè òóôëè!
×ÈÒÀÅÌ È ÃÎÂÎÐÈÌ
Ïîëó÷àåòñÿ ñîñòàâëÿòü îòäåëüíûå ôðàçû? À êàê íàñ÷¸ò ïîääåðæàòü áåñåäó? Âîò êàê ìîæíî áûëî áû ïîãîâîðèòü íà òåìó
shopping for clothes
shop assistant : Can I help you, madam?
Ìîãó ÿ Âàì ïîìî÷ü, ìàäàì?
customer: Yes, please! I’d like to try on this dress but I can’t find the changing-room!
Äà, ïîæàëóéñòà! ß áû õîòåëà ïðèìåðèòü ýòî ïëàòüå, íî íå ìîãó íàéòè ïðèìåðî÷íóþ!
shop assistant: oh, it’s right here, look, over the cash-desk … I’ll show you.
Î, îíà ïðÿìî âîò çäåñü, ñìîòðèòå, çà êàññîé…ß âàñ ïðîâîæó.
customer: thank you! (….) Could you tell me the truth: do I look fat in this dress?
Ñïàñèáî! (….) Âû ìîãëè áû ñêàçàòü ìíå ïðàâäó: ÿ âûãëÿæó òîëñòîé â ýòîì ïëàòüå?
shop assistant: No, madame, of course you don’t ! It just doesn’t fit, I’d say you need a bigger size, this 36 looks a little bit tight… But the dress is fantastic, I’ll bring you the 36 and a half!
Íåò, ìàäàì, êîíå÷íî íå âûãëÿäèòå! Îíî Âàì ïðîñòî íå ïîäõîäèò ïî ðàçìåðó, ÿ áû ñêàçàëà, Âàì íóæåí ðàçìåð ïîáîëüøå, ýòîò 36-îé êàæåòñÿ óçêîâàòûì… Íî ïëàòüå ïîòðÿñàþùåå, ÿ ïðèíåñó âàì 36-îé ñ ïîëîâèíîé!
customer: Thank you, you are so kind!
Ñïàñèáî, Âû î÷åíü ëþáåçíû!