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"Nineteenth-Century American Art" by Barbara Groseclose. , . , -. . , - . : http://www.artic.edu/ , .
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Isabella and the Pot of Basil
1897John White Alexander, American, 1856–1915
192.09 x 91.76 cm (75 5/8 x 36 1/8 in.)
Oil on canvas
Classification: Paintings
Accession number: 98.181
Gift of Ernest Wadsworth Longfellow
The enigmatic literary subjects of artists like Elihu Vedder, William Rimmer, and Thomas Dewing take on a gruesome flavor in this unusual work by John White Alexander. A native of Pittsburgh who trained as an artist in Munich, Alexander first established himself in New York as an illustrator and cartoonist. He also earned praise for his fashionable portraits, many of them of writers and actors. In 1890 Alexander moved to Paris. There he met James McNeill Whistler, who introduced him to many of the leading figures of the European Symbolist movement. These painters and writers were interested in dreams and the imagination, and elements of macabre fantasy often appear in their work. During the ten years he spent in Paris, Alexander experimented with decorative and decadent themes, often employing the slender, sinuous lines of the Art Nouveau style.
Alexander's subject in this painting was popular among painters and writers interested in the unusual and bizarre. Isabella, or The Pot of Basil was a poem written in 1820 by the English poet John Keats, who borrowed his narrative from the Italian Renaissance poet Giovanni Boccaccio. Isabella was a Florentine merchant's beautiful daughter whose ambitious brothers disapproved of her romance with the handsome but humbly-born Lorenzo, their father's business manager. The brothers murdered him and told their sister that Lorenzo had traveled abroad. The distraught Isabella began to decline, wasting away from grief and sadness. She saw the crime in a dream and then went to find her lover's body in the forest. Taking Lorenzo's head, she bathed it with her tears and finally hid it in a pot in which she planted sweet basil, a plant associated with lovers.
Alexander used theatrical effects to render this grim scene, isolating Isabella in a shallow niche and lighting her from below, as if she were an actor on a stage illuminated only with footlights. This eerie light, the cold monochromatic palette, and the sensuous curves of Isabella's gown all draw attention to the loving attention Isabella gives the pot, which she gently caresses. Isabella seems lost in an erotic spectral trance, oblivious to the world and to observers. With his strange subject, Alexander created an extraordinary and mysterious image of love gone awry.
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This subject was Copley's first, large-scale attempt at the kind of complex, narrative scene that was considered the most important type of painting an artist could make. His theme was innovative: he painted a modern event, rather than the customary religious or mythological episode, and one of personal rather than universal importance. The painting tells a story from the early life of Brook Watson, an English merchant at the time Copley painted him. Watson, then a cabin boy, was swimming in Havana harbor when he was attacked by a shark and lost a leg. In 1778 Copley exhibited his composition to great acclaim at London's Royal Academy, securing his reputation abroad. Because Watson bought the original (National Gallery of Art, Washington D. C.), Copley painted this version for display in his own studio.
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Edgar Hilaire Germain Degas (French, 1834–1917)
Dancer Ready to Dance, with Right Foot Forward, 1882–95
Brown wax, 22 x 13 3/4 x 8 1/4 in. (55.9 x 35 x 21 cm)
Gift of the Estate of Paul Mellon, B.A. 1929
2000.25.1
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This exceptional work is an original wax sculpture modeled by Degas's own hand. After the artist's death in 1917, it was found in his studio, along with many other works in wax, clay, and other materials, and it served as the basis for the bronze casts of the same pose undertaken by the founder A. A. H�brard after 1919. The dancer's posture suggests a ballerina in class or on stage; she could be either stationary or preparing to step forward. The figure is one of hundreds that Degas sculpted, sketched, and painted over the course of his career, the result of a lifelong interest in all aspects of the dance. During the 1880s and 1890s, Degas produced at least twenty-five sculptures of dancers, after exhibiting his tour-de-force, Little Dancer Aged Fourteen, in 1881 at the sixth Impressionist exhibition.
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. Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. http://www.pafa.org/
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A Quit Hour 1901. 
, Charles Sprague Pearce (1851-1914)
Fantasie. 
Alice Stephens The Women's Life Class 1879. 
Harrison Alexander 1854-1930 The Wave 1885, - . , .
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.http://www.tretyakovgallery.ru/ru/collection/_show/categories/_id/42
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