480 . . . . , 380 , 500 . , , .
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1122 V .
1256 . . .
1415 . , , . . . , , , , , . , . , : - , , . , " ". 23 1416 , , , , .
1459 - .
1561 II .
1577 .
1595 , , .
1608 - ( 12 1610). " , : , . : , ; , , ..." (. . )
1642 , .
1648 , " " ( ), " " ( ) - -, . . , ", , ". . 1648 . " , , , . , , , , , " .
1654 . "10 ... , , : , , , , ". (. . )
1719 .
1723 I , .
1733 -.
1739 - 1735-1739 .
1779 , Serapis Flamborough Head.
1780 , .
1798 I . -.
1802 , .
1803 ( ) .
1803 .
1805 .
1810 .
1823 ().
1830 .
1839 . , .
1845 .
1846 (Johann Gottfried Galle) .
1846 .
1848 (John Curtis).
1857 "", 826
1862 - -ظ
1862 . 17 13 . 48 : "... , !"
1862 .
1865 - , .
1866 .
1867 .
1870 . . , , .
1870 - : 66 155 , 3 . 400 ( ). 23.09.1870 28.01.1871.
1870 .
1871 ( . ..)
1871 73- " ". - . "" , , "".
1873 .
1879 (Richard Rhodes) , .
1882 III " - " ( 1910 ""). .
1883 .
1885 - .
1885 . .. , .. , .. , . .. .
1894 - .
1895 - .
1898 II ( - ).
1898 .
1900 II .
1904 .
1905 . - (1814-1905) ( 1905 .). 29 1905 . .
1908 (), .
1909 , - , . "", "-" 1905-06 . , .
1910 "" . " " - . , , , . 20 000 , . , , , , . 23- 19 , , , . , 23 , , . " , ", - , "". , . ( ) , , . , 30 . , , - . , , , .
1910 , .
1911 . "", "" . 9,6 -. " 1". . .
1912 , , ", ".
1912 Mack Sennet " ".
1912 "", 115 .
1913 (Roland Garros) "-". 730 , - () (), 7 53 .
1913 ( ).
1913 J.H.Metcalf #767 Bondia.
1913 . 18- .
1914 14 ().
1915 . .
1915 .
1916 23 24 , . , LZ-76 (L-33), ; , LZ-74 (L-32), , 2- .
1916 M.Wolf #835 Olivia, #836 Jole #837 Schwarzschilda.
1917 .
1917 2- , 12 . .. .
1917 . #885 Ulrike, #981 Martina, #2156 Kate #4509.
1918 - - .. .
1918 . , , .
1918 , , (" ").
1918 - , 1918 . .. .. . - . .. ( ), -. 15 , , , , - , . ..
1919 67 .
1919 , , , .
1919 .
1919 " ".
1920 .
1920 ( 16 ).
1920 . , , .
1921 , 7 . , .
1922 , .
1922 " " .
1922 , ( ).
1923 : " "" "". .
1923 .
1923 80,000 .
1924 , - (-). 369 ("", .. , , , 300 ). . , , , , .
1925 .
1926 .
1926 . , , , ", ". , , - . ... .
1928 .
1928 .
1930 .
1932 .
1932 , . 1926 , - , . - -, 1932 . . , , - , - - , - . , - . - , , , , 1950- , - ( ). - , . - . - , , (), . 1992 , . . -. . 1993 , , . , . , . , , , . . 1 2005 , , .
1936 "" , "". .
1937 , ().
1937
1937 "" - " ". : " !".
1938 . : - 197,271 / (23.09) - 4086 (27.09.).
1938 - , 6939 . , 1100 .
1938 - .
1938 "" - .
1938 .
1939 .
1939 177 23 " ".
1939 , .
1939 (23 - 3 ) , " " " " ; 300 . , , .
1940 .
1940 .
1940 .
1941 14- . 183,6, -.
1941 3- . 58 , .
1941 .
1941 .
1941 .
1941 "" - .
1941 .
1941 .
1941 () "".
1941 - ( "").
1941 " 23 ."
1941 - Ju-87, "".
1941 " " " " . . , . , , 1941 10 , . , , , . . ...
.
-
:
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1941
705 23 . . . .. .10 . 73
706 23 . . -3. .10 . 74-75
707 23 . . -2 125 . . .10 . 76
708 23 . . -3, -3 -1 82 . .10 . 77
1942 " . ."
1942 36 .
1942 .
1942 .
1942 .
1942 20 : 15 (48 00,8 ), (18 779 ), 20 (1 03 51 ) .
1942 . .
1942
2332 23 . . - . .57 . 167
2333 23 . . . 389 . . .57 . 168-172, 173-175
2334 23 . . 174 . -34. .57 . 176-179, 180-186
2335 23 . . 100 . . .57 . 187
1943 " , , 23 - . , , .
30 , , , , , , , , , . 140 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . 200 , , , , , , , , , , , -, , , , . 300 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . , 150 , , , (15 - ), , , , , , , , , , , , , . , - , 40 , , , , , , , , , , -."
1943 , , ., .
1943 00-40 , . . .
1943 , .
1943 .
1943
4175 23 . . ..152 . 186
4177 23 . . 2 . . ..152 . 188
4178 23 . . - - ..152 . 189
4179 23 . . ..152 . 190
4181 23 . . 53 9 ..152 . 203-204, 205
4182 23 . . . ..152 . 206-207, 208-209
4183 23 . . ..152 . 210-213, 214-218
4186 23 . . -, I , . - II ..152 . 223
4187 23 . . , ..152 . 224
4188 23 . . , ..153 . 1-7, 8-15
4190 23 . . ..153 . 45-47
1944 .
1944 ( . . ) ( . . ) . 8- .
1944 " 23 () , 700 , , , , , , , -, , , , , . 3- , 80 , , , , , , , . 150 , , , , , , , , , . ."
1944 ( . . ). , , . . - (76 9' . , 87 47' . ) .
1944 , .
1944 (23-24 ) .
1944 . . , .
1944 . , 9 1944 (). ., - .-. , , , , , , , , , , , . , , , , . , . . - , - 1945 . , , . , 600 .
1944
6577 23 . . 1 . , , . .303 . 38
6578 23 . . , . .303 . 39
6579 23 . . " " . .303 . 40-41,42
6581 23 . . - . .303 . 54-62,63-64
1945 - .
1945 " ".
1945 - 1936 , .
1947 , .
1947 50- 50 32 . 3 08 .
1948
1949 . .
1949 0:2 ( ).
1949 K.Reinmuth #1749 Telamon #3745.
1950 , . Avro Ninteen I Svenska Aero . 10 , , .
1950 , " ". "".
1950 (17-23 , ) 44- . I 1928 . , . 12 , 10 . , .
1950 - "" 282 17 .
1952 - 18 , - . , , . . 20 , .
1952 , 13- . 1956 . 49 , , 43 .
1952 "", "S".
1952 M.Itzigsohn #1801 Titicaca.
1953 , , , .
1955 .
1956 .

1957 20- .
1957 -121 (). , . 4000 ;

1957 -64 -611 -10, . . , 240 . 22 -613 -5, -52 . . , 500 . 1959 . -5 .
1957 - (), .

1958 , 1, - "- 872", "-1" "-1" (1958 0923F). - - 93- "-1" .
1958 .

1958 "-111".
1958 .

1959 , . Saab Scandia VASP () . 20 .

1960 . .C. - . , ... " ".

1960 "" ( , ) "-15" N 1. (Forrest Petersen). 16168 1783 /.

1961 The Shadows .

1961 , . Fokker F-27 Friendship 100 Turkish Airlines (THY) . 29 28. .

1962 . Lockheed 1049H Constellation Flying Tiger 560 . , . 76 28. , , .
1963 "-" ( -, ) "Redstone", . N -2044. 63 .

1963 23:00 UTC Vandenberg, 75-1-2, - "Thor Agena-D", "OPS 1353" / "Corona-1002" (00668 / 1963 037A). "KH-4A" : - 74.9 .; - 90.63 .; ( ) - 161 ; ( ) - 441 .
1964 , : .., .., .., , .. . . 25 . , , : -9/875, -200/881, -2/892 "-46", -36/867 -16/864.

1964 20:09 UTC Vandenberg, 2-4, - "Atlas Agena-D", "OPS 4262" / "AFP-206 SV-962" (00884 / 1964 058). "KH-7-11" : - 92.91 .; - 89 .; .
1965 09:07 UTC - " 1157", "-91" (01603 / 1965 075). "-4" : - 65 .; - 89.8 .; ( ) - 212 ; ( ) - 342 .
1965 P.Wild #1768 Appenzella.
1966 , , "KH-7-32" (02419 / 1966 083).

1966 "Surveyor-2" (02425 / 1966 084) 5 30 12 .
1966 , .
1967 .
1967 "The Doors" "People Are Strange".
1968 07:40 UTC - " 1157", "-243" (03418 / 1968 080). "-2" : - 71.3 .; - 89.6 .; ( ) - 210 ; ( ) - 319 .
1969 -5
1969 --.
1969 14:07 UTC , 81, - "- / ", "-300" (04104 / 1969 080). "-8-5" . . : - 51,5 .; - 88,24 .; ( ) - 190 ; ( ) - 208 .
1970
1972 . 55- .
1972 "-47" .
1972 1:20 UTC Cape Canaveral, 17B, - "Delta-1604", - "Explorer-47" (06197 / 1972 073). "IMP" (. 7) : - 28,63 .; - 17670 .; ( ) - 201000 ; ( ) - 235600 .
1973 18 .
1973 : 2 132049 1.
1974 .
1974 "-3" 1176 506 ( ), 360 . 100. , .
1975 .
1975 - . .
1975 10:04 UTC - " 1157", "-769" (08322 / 1975 088). "-2" : - 72,9 .; - 89,6 .; ( ) - 211 ; ( ) - 331 .
1976 #6891 Triconia.
1976 , .
1976 07:42 UTC 150 - "-22". . 7 21 52 17 .
1977 18:34:00 (UTC) Vandenberg, SLC4W, - "Titan-24B", "OPS 7471" (10374 / 1977 094). KH-8-49 "Gambit" : - 96,5 .; - 89 .; ( ) - 121 .; ( ) - 332 .
1977 .. #3835 #5343 .
1977 .
1977 "" ( , ) "Enterprise". (Charles Fullerton) (Fred Haise).
1978 "Dreadlock Holiday".
1978 "King Crimson", - "Foreigner" "Double Vision".
1979 .
1979 .. #2657 #3013 , #4986 #5220 .
1980 - 19811990 .
1980 , 137 100 , .
1980 () 941 ( . . ) 20 -39 8,5 .. 12.12.1981 .
1980 8 7180,3 ( ).
1980 10:33 (UTC) - " 11511", - "-1211" (11982 / 1980 077). "" : - 82,4 .; - 89,1 .; ( ) - 215 .; ( ) - 261 .
1981 .
1981 08:09 (UTC) - " 1165", "-1310" (12852 / 1981 095), . "" : - 65,9 .; - 94,6 .; ( ) - 478 .; ( ) - 524 .
1982 (Amin Gemayel), .
1982 .
1983 , 10- Michael Dokes .
1983 22:16:00 (UTC) Cape Canaveral, 17A, - "Delta-3920 / Star-48", "Galaxy-2" (14365 / 1983 098A). : - 0,1 .; - 1436,2 .; ( ) - 35785 .; ( ) - 35791 .
1983 15:30 , . Boeing B-737-2P6 Gulf Air (Oman) . , . 112 , , .
1984 .. . : 73 , , .
1984 #8260.
1985 10:20. , , . Beechcraft B99 Henson Airlines 2400 . . 14 , , . .
1986 , .
1986 "". .
1986 .
1986 .
1987 " " :
.
, ,
, !
?
1987 S.Ueda H.Kaneda #5112 Kusaji.
1987 23:43:54 (UTC) , 1, - " 115112", "-32" (18376 / 1987 082). " 7-", . 139 : - 51,6 .; - 88,8 .; ( ) - 193 .; ( ) - 267 .
1988 ( 1 ) 1- "".
1988 - .. .
1989 .
1989 The Eurythmics "We Too Are One".
1989 100100 - 19 . 14,19 .
1989 Y.Mizuno T.Furuta #7408.
1989 K.Endate K.Watanabe #7572.
1990 , .
1990 210 ( ).
1990 B.Roman #4954 Eric #5588.
1990 G.R.Kastel #8088.
1990 72- , - .
1990 H.Debehogne #5589.
1990 K.J.Lawrence #5621 Erb.
1991 , , .
1991 , . .
1991 - - .
1991 . - .
1991 . .
1991 Guns N'Roses . .