216 .. 80- , . 5700 , 50 000. .
49 .. .
47 .. . ", , " ("Veni, vidi, vici") II, , - , , , : , , . , - .
461 .
1100 I ( , , I).
1377 , , , , . . , , .
1492 .
1519 40- - 20- . . .
1552 , .
1552 V.
1553 .
1560 ( ) , .
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1589 , .
1608 4 , , .
1610 . , , .
1687 .
1696 I, . - - , , . . I . , , , - , . , , . , II.
1713 ().
1717 .
1718 . , ,
1727 II , , .
1756 23 30 . . 30 2 ..
, . 15 ( ) 22 . 1 . , . .
1763 , - .
1769 - -. Nuestra Senora la Reina de Los Angeles de Porciuncila, El Pueblo de Nuestra Senora la Reina de Los Angeles, , . -.
1778 " " " ", . , ( ) , " ". - , " " (.. " ").
1779 " " " ".
1786 () .
1791 (. ) , .. , . - 1787-1791.
1791 Samuel BRIGGS .
1791 - , , - , . ( , 1793 , .)
1794 , , .
1796 ().
1798 .
1802 " " . 3 568 885 , 8374. -.
1806 . .
1812 180- . . .. .
1819 . , 2440 , - (-, -).
1820 " ".
1821 : " ?" , -, . - , - 26 , -, - : , . : - - ."
1824 - 5- .
1830 X ( ).
1831 10- : .
1832 (Bad Axe River), .
1832 1,300 . .
1858 - , , .
1858 .
1858 -.
1865 (Lewis CARROLL) " ".
1870 "".
1871 ( 1561) ( 1853) , -. 1929 - , 1932 .
1875 .
1876 , , " " ( ) . , , . " ". , . , , , , - . , , .
1877 , 5,000 .
1887 (Rowell HODGE) . : , .
1892 Charles A WHEELER .
1894 ( ).
1899 , .
1900 -.
1900 - III.
1900 , .
1902 " " , .
1903 . , .
1903 , - () ( - 1903 ).
1904 Max WOLF #539 Pamina.
1906 " ".
1906 () .
1906 "".
1909 II VII.
1909 , .. "" ( ) , ... .
1909 , .
1911 - , 16.04.1912 , -.
1912 , .
1913 .
1914 " " . . - , .
1914 .
1914 , - . .
1914 .
1914 .
1914 .
1914 II . , "" , "-", . "" ( ""). 100 . " - !" - , , , . , 3 , ,
1914 ( ) () .
1914 "". : , . : , , , , , , , , , , , , , , .
1915 .
1916 ( ), 1924 . 1933 ( ), ( ).
1916 " " 45 . 1190 248.
1916 .
1917 191011, 1- . 1916 , 2 1917 "" - Furious. 1918 Argus, 18 , , , .
1917 - .
1917 .. : " , : . , , ( ) - : ".
1918 - . " " , , , . " ". 1919 - , 1920 .
1918 4 , 4 1 - , . , , . .
1918 .
1918 , 16- .
1918 . . " " . .
1918 .
1918 "" .. - " , . ". "" . 1- " " 37 "": , , , , , , , , , . " " - 20: , , , , , , , , . " " - : , , . "" - : , , . "" - : , , , , . , , : .
1920 .
1920 .
1922 "" : "2 , , , . , ".
1922 , 60 .
1923 - . - . ( , ).
1926 K REINMUTH #1064 Aethusa.
1928 () 20 .
1929 " ", 150 000 .
1930 -, , - - . 1918 . ( ) .
1931 () " ".
1933 - . 100 , -. 700 , : . . "" "(" () . "" . : , . "" .
120 . " ", - .
: " . " , , , , . ..."
( . , -, -) ( . ). 227 , 5 , 19 . 3 . , 2600 . 85 . , 5 . .
1934 , " ".
1934 : 3 .
1935 , ( ) ( - ), ( 1 1937).
1936 .
1937 () (60 ).
1938 , 1938, " " 5 . , 1939-, .
1938 .
1939 , , . , , .
1939 Hatch Act .
1940 . . 2 .
1940 , 1991 - . . , "" - , - , , . , , , . , - 23.08.1939, , " . ". , . , , , - - . "", . 1940 .
1940 .
1941 - . ; -.
1941 .
1941 Ruthenia, .
1941
364 2 . . . .5 .148
367 2 . . 4000 .
.5 .151-153
368 2 . . -1 . .5 .154
369 2 . . . .5 .155, 156-160
370 2 . . III . 1941 . .5 .161
372 2 . . . .5 .163
373 2 . . " " . .5 .164-165, 166-167
375 2 . . . - . .5 .171, 172
376 2 . . . .5 .1 73-174, 175
378 2 . . -2. .5 .177
1941 .
1941 .
1942 250 - Amersfoort.
1942 4- (31 ) . - .
1943 , , , - .
1943 PT-109, . . . , .
1943 (), " " . 600 , 16 -, . . 700900 . .
1943 , .
1943 .
1943 .
1943
3846 2 . . ..142 . 84
3847 2 . . ..142 . 85-90, 91-98
3849 2 . . 3376 15 1943 . " " ..142 . 100-102
3850 2 . . ..142 . 103
3851 2 . . , 1943 ..142 . 104
3852 2 . . ..142 . 105
3853 2 . . III . 1943 ..142 . 106
3855 2 . . ..142 . 111, 112
3857 2 . . - ..142 . 116-132, 133-168
3859 2 . . ..142 . 170
3860 2 . . ..142 . 171-173
3861 2 . . "" ..142 . 174-177, 178
3862 2 . . - ..142 . 179-181, 182-196
1944 2- 3- - - .
1944 Kovono .
1944 .
1944 . . - (2- . .), (3- , .), (2- , .).
1944 - : - .
1944 1 , 1- 3- 13- , 29 1 . .
1944
6308 2 . . - . .287 . 215
1945 () - .
1945
9702 1 . . . . 449 . 53
9703 2 . . 470 . . 449 . 54-56, 57-60
1946 "" - (.1901) - . , : . 1944 - . - , , - . . . - , , , ,
1947 , . Avro Lancastian British South American Airways. 11 .
1948 .
1949 Kelsey REINMUTH #1682 Karel, #1820 Lohmann, #2465, #2591, #3020, #3183, #3938 Chapront, #4001 Ptolemaeus, #4979 Otawara #6260.
1953 4- ( 16 ).
1954 " ".
1954 Tahar Ben AMMAR .
1955 .
1956 .
1957 . 45 .
1957 ..
1957 " " ( 31.07.1957).
1958 "".
1959 " " - " " ("", 1959). " ", . : , , , , .
1962 . , , , .
1962 -8 ( -8).
1964 30 . .
1965 , , 8500 .
1965 .
1966 -22 .. .
1968 , , Douglas DC-8 Aitalia, 96 13.
1970 .
1972 .
1975 - - , . , . , , , , " " - . , , .
1976 , , , , .
1979 , , . Cessna 501 Citation , (). .
10 , .
1980 , , 85 200 .
1980 Deepest Purple .
1981 , . , : " : . . ". : " . , , . : ", , . ". : "... " ". , , . , " ", ".
1983 -, .
1984 .
1985 "-7" .
1985 5 Westminster Colo.
1985 NASA S-209.
1985 18:06. -, , , . , , / , " L-1011" " " , . 167 136 . , . . .
1986 E F HELIN #4034.
1987 .
1988 , . -40 Balkan Bulgarian Airlines . 37 23. .
1989 C S SHOEMAKER E M SHOEMAKER #6901 Roybishop.
1989 NASA , "-2" 3 , 1989 N2, 1989 N3 1989 N24.
1989 , 11 .
1990 , . , . . , , . , 70 65 .
1990 .
1990 (3 23 .).
1991 STS 43 (Atlantis 9).
1991 E W ELST #8169.