105 .. ( . ) ( ) . , , 70 . . , .
69 .. - - II . ( , 500 ). , , .
23 .
213 . , .
1014 II 15 .
1470 5- VI.
1487 ( III) ( IV).
1526 , . .
1648 .
1683 (), .
1689 VIII
1740 (-).
1768 , . . , , . II ,
1774 - , .
1769 Endeavour .
1779 32- "" 36- "" (, , ). , , "" . , - .
1790
1801 ( , 416619 68990, 52219 16771 ).
1802 . ; XIV; , . . 1867 .
1805 . .
1806 .
1808 .
1812 I . . " " ", . , , ". (.. ).
1828 .
1829 "", , .
1832 - .
1840 , - .
1840 - .
1847 " " .
1848 .
1849 13 ( ).
1854 . .
1857 . , .
1858 ( ).
1860 .
1862 , , .
1863 .
1863 - - . . , .
1866 - 10 .
1868 "" . .
1871 - , .
1877 - .
1883 ( ) 78 .
1883 ( ) -
1887 .
1888 ( ).
1889 " ". - , , " ", , .
- , . - " ". 1915 , 1921-, -. . 1937 , 1959 "-".
1962 " " , , "-" (""), . "" ("Frou-Frou" (), "Frisson" (), "Fascination" (), "Fantastic" (), "Festival" (), "Follement" (), "Frenesie" (), "Femmes, Femmes, Femmes" (, , ), "Formidable" ()).
1889
1890 .
1892 ( ) .. , .. ( .. ). , ( - ). " " .
1896 II ( 8 ).
1898 " ". " ". 1915 , - . 1924 . .., 1925 "". : " ", " ", " ". 1934 "", 1947 .
1900 II e, .
1906 .
1908 .
1908 - .
1910 , , 18 .
1912 .
1912 ( , , . ).
1913 .
1915 , - .
1915 , ( 12 ).
1917 , .
1917 : . "Literary Digest" , " - , , ". , , , - chas, jasm, gism, jas, jass, jaz. - jazz - 1920- .
, : jaser (, ); chase (, ); jaiza ( ); jazib (); - chas ( Charles), jas ( Jasper); jass, , . , XIX , , 1910- . 1915 . "Torn Browns;s Dixieland Jass Band", , 1917 , "Original Dixieland Jazz (Jass) Band".
1918 . .. ().
1918 . "" ( 24-) ., 1- . .--. 5- .. ., 4- . . , 4- ..
1918 ( ). .
1918 . " ".
1918 . ( ).
1918 : " ..."
1918 .
1918 "" (Otranto) . 431 .
1919 .
1920 . . . " , , , ", - . : " , , () " ", , : , , , " ". , , ; , , ", " ", , , " ".
1921 - .
1921 ( 8 ) , " ".
1921 " " ", " ... ... , , , ". ( , ""). XVII . II 1786 , , . . 1797 I " " . 1826 , - " " 4 ., 1827 " " . 1917 . "" " ". 1925 , . 1947 "", , . " " 1958 , , , " " "" "". 1988 . " ", . 1200 . 6 .
1922 () , , , , .
1922 - ;
1923 . .
1923 Ceskoslovenskt statni aerolinie. CSA Ceske Aerolinie
1924 , 86 ( - . .. )
1924 .. " "
1925 (), ...
1924 .. " "
1927 - " " . , , . " " (Jazz Singer) - . , , . - . 1893, , -.
1928 - -5, ... 1930 . .
1928 .
1930 , . Messerschmitt M-20B Lufthansa . 8 , .
1930 ( 1960 . ). 1992 . .
1935 (), . .
1936 .
1936 .
1938 .
1938 . (, ), ( 10 ). XI .
1938 .. - - - -7( -2) .. , 3800 11 4 .
1939 , .
1939 . 7 - . .
1939 - .
1939 .
1941 " 6 ."
1941 4- ( . . ) 2- . -34 16 . -34 . 15 , 2 4 .
1941 , 50- . 3 . - .
1941 .
1941 .
1941 .
1941 .
1941 . . , .
1941 -2 - .
1941 , .
1941 .
1942 " 6 . ."
1942 -.
1942 , 1 1942 . 30 1943 .
1942 " " "".
1942 " -" - , , 1 1942 . 30 1943 .
1943 " 6 ."
1943 (3- 4- 3- ; , ) .., , 10 , - .
1943 ; 1 , 2 .
1943 , .
1943 ; 1 1966 . ; 19 1991 . ()
1943 ( -) - .
1943 .
1943
4259 6 . . - , - IV 1943 ..157 . 1, 2-29
4262 6 . . .. .., ...157 . 32
1944 " () 40 25 , 80 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , .
- - , - , , , , , 100 , , , , , , -, -, , , , , -, , , , , .
, , -, , , , .
- - , - , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . - , , .
- ."
1944 2- ( . . ; 40-, 7- , 27, 53 46- , 6- 5- , - - . . . . , 18- , 4- 1- , 1- . . , 1- ). . 28 .
1944 - - .(*)
1944 .
1944 38- (- . . ) 1- ( . ) .
1944
6654 6 . . . .309 . 202
1947 - .
1948 - . 8-9 , - 10 . 0,4 . .., , : . , . , , , , , . . . , , . , , . . , , , - . - , , , , . 6 . , 25-30 , , , . , 196 , , 176 . , , , - , , , , , . 1995 6 . , , . , . , , . , .
1948 () .
1949 , .
1950
1951 , , .
1951 .
1952 XIX ,
1955 70 % 1950 .
1953 ( ) , .
1954 .. - ( ?) .
1954 Fairey Delta 2 (). 17 . , 8 . , 1955 . . !;
1955 Edwards ( , ) X-1 . Jack Ridley. .
1955 07:25 , , , Douglas DC-4 United Air Lines , () (). 66 . . , , .
1955 Edwards ( , ) -3 NACA. Joseph Walker.
1956 , , , 200 . .
1957 ( ) , 1946 1957 .
1958 -245 - . - (). "" .
1959 . " ".
1959 -7
1959 5:30 , , , .
1959 "Atlas-D", . N 18D.
1960 (52,14 ).
1960 -
1961 -24 .
1962 " ", . 007 , , . , ( ) 007. , , , 2000- 70- .
, , , : " , ", - .
" "
- 1962
-
- , , ,
-
"" - , ,
- , , 20 .
-
- , -, ,
- , , , , ,
-
-
-
- , ,
- ,
/ - 6/3
:
- ? ( )
- , ...
1964 7:12 UTC , 1, - " 1157", "-47" (00891 / 1964 062). "-3", . 2, : - 64.77 .; - 90 .; ( ) - 177 ; ( ) - 413 .
1964 17:04 UTC Vandenberg, 75-1-2, - "Thor Ablestar", , x .:
"Transit 5B-4" / "NNS O-1" (00893 / 1964 063B);
"Dragsphere-1" (00900 / 1964 063C);
"Dragsphere-2" (00901 / 1964 063E).
: - 89.92 .; - 106.65 .; ( ) - 1055 ; ( ) - 1085 .
1964 , , "KH-4A-1010".
1965 Supremes I Hear a Symphony.
1966 "" (. , ) "-15" N 1. (Michael Adams). 22980 4666 /.
1967 "Lunar Orbiter-4" (02772 / 1967 041A) .
1967 - . 1995 . . 2002 .
1968 50- .
1968 : Jackie Stewart, Graham Hill John Surtees.
1968 Doors. The Doors are Open - " ".
1969 . Something , , . - Come Together .
1969 01:40 UTC - " 892", "-1- 02" (04119 / 1969 084). : - 81,2 .; - 97,7 .; ( ) - 630 ; ( ) - 690 .
1970 ( 13.10) . .
1970 N 11, .
1973 -. 1991 .
1973 12:28 UTC - " 1157", "- 597" (06858 / 1973 071). "-4" : - 65,4 .; - 89,5 .; ( ) - 212 ; ( ) - 312 .
1973 () 3 .
1973 13:50 . 14:05 .
4- - , " ".
- - ( ). , ; , , . , , , , , - . ; . , . ; , . . , , . (18- - ) . . . , . , . . , , 90 /. , , . , , . , , . .
1975 9:00 UTC Vandenberg, SLC2W, - "Delta-2910", "Explorer-54" ["AE-D"] (08353 / 1975 096A). : - 90,1 .; - 126,87 .; ( ) - 154,5 ; ( ) - 3817 .
"Explorer-54" - .
1975 "" , " ".
1975 , (1:0, 2:0). , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . , , .
1976 .
1976 , " ".
1976 13:30 , , Douglas DC-8-43 Empresa Consolidada Cubana de Aviacion. . , , . . 73 . , .
1976 -38
1977 . . . . 9-12 ( -29) -88 .. . "901" "01" - . "". , -29 . , , , , , . -29 . 1982 , - 1983 . 1500 -29. ( , , , , , , , ). .
1977 , - , .
1977 . . . . -29 ( "Fulcrum" - " "), . .. 1974 . 1982 , , 1987 .
:
- -29
-29
-29 -
-29, -29
-29 "-"
-29 , ,
-29 - ,
-29
:
15000
2450 /
17000
2100
2*-33
1978 - .
1978 .
1978 - ( ).
1978 "-1042".
1978 "-4" "-6" - "-31".
1979 II .
1979 Fleetwood Mac Tusk.
1979 The Eagles Heartache Tonight.
1980 " ", .
1980 Bee Gees Polygram, $200.000.000.
1980 , .
1981 , , " " . , . - .
1981 17:12. , . Fokker F-28 Friendship 4000 KLM , . 21 .
1981 11:27:00 (UTC) Vandenberg, SLC2W, - "Delta-2310", :
"SME", (12887 / 1981 100).
"Uosat-1", (12888 / 1981 100).
: - 97,4 .; - 95,4 .; ( ) - 539 .; ( ) - 566 .
1983 .
1985 , , .
1985 400 - 47,60 .
1985 4100 - 41,37 .
1986 .
1986 - , " " .
1986 11 03 - "-219" . 114 . 16 , 18 . 2- . 5 3 , . , , , . .., .. ... 18.40 , 18.50 , -5 . , - ( 70 ) . , . , : , , . 15 21 . 1987 , 1997 . - , . -. 15 . - : " - , ".
1986 5:40:00 (UTC) Jiuquan, LA2, - "Chang Zheng-2C", "FSW" (17001 / 1986 076). : - 56,9 .; - 90,1 .; ( ) - 172 .; ( ) - 388 .
1986 07:40 (UTC) - " 11511", "-1784" (17003 / 1986 077). "", . 6 : - 64,8 .; - 89,3 .; ( ) - 203 .; ( ) - 305 .
1987 .
1988 , , .
1989 - .
1990 11:47:00 (UTC) Cape Canaveral, 39B (MLP-2), STS-41 "Space Shuttle" (m.36), OV-103 "Discovery 11" [STS-41] (20841 / 1990 090) (Robert Cabana), (Thomas Akers), (Bruce Melnik), (William Shepherd) (Richard Richards) . "Ulysses" ()
: - 28,5 .; - 90,6 .; ( ) - 300 .; ( ) - 307 . - "Ulysses".
1990 "Discovery" [STS-41] "Ulysses" (20842 / 1990 090).
1991 .
1991 - .
1991 .