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Aleksandr_Hilferding (506x700, 46Kb)
1831

, ( ), - - (1856). , . , , . 1852 - . 1853 " II " . . . , , . , 1856 , : , (-, 1859) - . , 1860- . 1858 . - Les slaves occidentaux. 1861 . 1863 . .. ( " ", 1892). "" " ", . : The Polish Question ( , 291-333). 1867 - , . , .., .. 12 8 1871 , 318 , 70 ( ..), 2000 . . .. 7 1871 .. . - , , , Ը (17971882 .). 1872 .. . . . 27 1872 , 2 , 41 , . 5 . , , - .. , -, 16 1872 . , .. , 1873 . , , . : . -, 1853; , 1855; , 1861; , 1862; , 1871 : . -, 1873. ( ). PDF DjVu "".

Korf_Nikolay_Alexandrovich (561x700, 228Kb)
1834

, , . . , ... . ( ), , , , , , - ... , 1854 , , , , , , , , , . : , , . , , . , , 3 . , , . ( - , ). (5 ) , . , (18671873) : ; , ( 32 ); ; , , , ; , ( , .). . ; , . , . . , , , , .., , . 1870 . . , 1871 . . -, . 1872 . . , , , , 8 . , , , ; . , , .- . : (1882). , . , , . (Institut) . 1880 - , . , , . , . , , , ( 1881 .). 1883 ., .., . , .., . , ( ), , . . 1883 . : (), . .25 1883 . .. .., .: .., ( ). .. , 1894 . : " " ( , 1884, 3, 4 5); , .. ( , 1871, 1 2); .., ( , , 18711872); .., ( , 1893, 5, 6 7); 12 1883 . , . . - . 1993 -. . : // . 2005. 4-6. 29-30; . , 6- , -, 1879; . , 7- , -, 1880; " ". , 2- , -, 1882; , (1) - 2, , 1882-1886. : .., .., , -, 1893; .., .., : , , 1941.

1855



1857

, , .

1859

. . .., ... , . XVIIIXIX . (1897), , , XVI . (1897) . 20 .: (1903), (1911), (1916), (1921), (1923), . , . 30 1954 .

1860

, 112 226 .

1861
()
, "-" (" ", "", " ", " ", ""), " ", " ".

 (493x699, 50Kb)
1862
(Gustav Klimt)
, . - .. , 18751883 - . . . ., - ( , ). 1885 ( - , ). (1892) . , , , 1897 (. Sezession , ) . (1903) . ( . ., 1897) (19011902), . , , .. (19001903; , , ), : , , . - , (., 1902, , ; .-, 1907, 19 20 ., ) , , ( 1, 1901, , ; , 19071908, ; , 1909, , ; , 1910, , ). , , . - (, 1910, , -). (1911). 1906 , , -, . .. 1917 , . 6 1918 .

1872

, , . .

1874

, " ", "" " ".

1884
(Minor)
. 1920. -, . 1920- "" ("The Liberator") " " ("Daily Worker"). . , 19181920, , (" ", " "; 1920- ). - 26 1952 . : North J., Robert Minor, . ., 1956.

SelmanAbraham Waksman (567x698, 126 Kb)
1888
(Selman Abraham Waksman, )
. (1952) " , , ". . , . . 1910 . , - -. , . (1915). 1918 . -. 1925 -, 1931 . 1932 . , -. 1930- , , . , . 1940 , . , . 1943 . , 1946 . , , . . . (1952) " , , ". (1950), . , , , . 16 1973 . : , , 1-2, , , 1992; , 1-3, "", , 1994-1997; , 1-7, , , 1996; Alan Symons. The jewish contribution to the 20-th century, Polo Publishing, London, 1997; , , , 1998; .. , - , , , , 2000, ISBN 5-93431-011-9.

1889

. 1904. , . -. 19051907 . 1915 ( ) . 1917 . 1917 . 1918 . 1919 , . 1920 10- 11- . 1921 . 19211929 -. 1115- . 11- 12- (), 13 15- (6) , , , . . . . 6 1929 . . : ., .., : , 2, , 1967.

1889

. .

1889

. . 1915-29 . 1929 . 1941-45 " ", 1941 . . 1945 ( , , , ). 1945 . 28 1959 .

1890
.
, . ; 1909 . . . , , , , , , , , 1911. "", 1924 . , , , " ", . --, . 1967 .

 (548x698, 79Kb)
1891
Marguerite Boulc'h ( - Frehel)
. . - . , -, . 1908 Pervenche , Labbe, . , , Frehel , 1911 , -. 10 , 1923 , . , 30 . Marguerite Boulc'h 3 1951 . , , , , Mano Solo, Tetes Raides.

1891

, , , " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ". -. 1907 , 1910 , -, , . . 3 1977 .

 (533x699, 66Kb)
1891

308- (120-) 3- , -. . . () 1939 . 1912 . 1914 . 1915 , . 1915 . 1918 , . 1919 . 1929 , , , . 1936 .. , 1939 . 1942 .. , 308- . 1942 . 308- .. . , , , , , , . , .. -. 308- (3- , ) - .. 12 3 1943 , . 3 1943 . , 3- - .. , . - .. . . , - .. , , 5 1943 - .. , . , - 27 1943 - . , , . .. . .
Gurtyev_L__N_pam (524x700, 192Kb)
( .., ... 5 1954 .. , 1976 )
Gurtiev_LN_monOmsk (525x700, 65Kb)
, 129 ( ... 1974 ) . - (). ( ) 1 .
GurtjevLeontNikol_memplita_Volgograd (700x455, 127Kb)
- .
Gurtyev_L_N_md2 (700x525, 128Kb)
20 ( , 10), ...

1893

, 2- , . , , , , - ; . ( "-34", ""). , . ..

1894

, .

1895

, , .

 (479x699, 143Kb)
1895
- (Richard Walther Darr)
- . . . , - , . , 2- 1918 . 1925 ( 248 256). ( 6 882). - . 29 1933 , , 7,5 125 , 1800 . 60 % . 1949 7 , 1950 . 5 1953 .

1897
(; - )
. 1920. , - , . 1914. " " (1918) - 1- 1914-1918, . 1923 " ". - " " (1923) " " (1925). 1923 , , - . , ( " ", 1926), ( " ", 1927; "", 1928; "", 1931; " ", 1927; " ", 1927). 1929 . "i " (" "). , . 1937 . : i , 1-2, , 1958; - , , 1958. : ., .Ip, , 1958; . ., ., .Ip, , 1960; - . ., i . Ip ., 1963.

1897
()
- .

1898
-
, , , .

1900

, , - , , .. (). . 1919 , , . . - . - , (1947). , , .

1901

, (1961). (1928-1932) (1932-1934). 1934 . : (1935-1936) (1940-1941, 1947) - , ..; "" (1939), .. (1944-1948), (1948-50), (1954), .

1901

.

1902

, , , . (1970). , 1968 , , - (1965-68). . , - . " " (1962), . , . - " " ("Revue internationale de droit comparé") " " ("Revue de science criminelle et de droit énal comparé").

1902
()
, , . . (1973). (19201921), (1928). 19211927 - . 14 1976 .

 (692x699, 64Kb)
1903
(Irving Stone)
. - (). , , , . 1924 , , , . , . , . 1926 , , , 1934 - . , , 30 . . ( , 1938), ( , 1961), ( , 1971), ( , 1975), (, 1980), ( , 1980). 25 . - (1947), (1949), (1956) . , , . , , , - , , , , , . . , . , ( ) , . 26 1989 .

1904

. 1933, . . 1940 1944 - , . 1944 . . , , .

 (699x459, 110Kb)
1904
(Isaac Bashevis Singer)
, , . 1978. (). , . (1966). 1935 - (Jewish Daily Forward). (Partisan Review) - ( .). . : - (1957), (1961), (1963), (1968), (1970), (1973), (1976), (1985), (1988). (1950), (1955), (1960), (1962), (1967) (1969), : (1972), (1978). 1980. , , , . , , . , , , . Ѹ ( ) 24 1991 .

SedykhIvVik (497x700, 198Kb)
1904

78- 25- 6- - , . . . . . 1927-1930 . 1942 - . . 2 1943 , ( ). 8 . 25 15 . . , , . , . - 16 , 100 , . , . 18 1943 - . . . . " " ( 1980 , ). . , , , .

1905

, , , , . (1924) ( 1946 .). (1961) . , - . , . ( "") - . " " . , , , , - ! , , . 1987 .

 (489x699, 68Kb)
1906

40- 11- 11- 3- , . . . 2 . 1928 . ()/ 1930 . 1936 . 1939 . 1941 . 1942 ... 40- (11- , 11- , 3- ) 22 1944 , ( , ). , - , . 24 1945 , - ( 4208). .. . 1949 . 1953 .. - . , , 1964 . 14 1968 . . (24 1945), (1 1943; 10 1944; 24 1945; 20 1949), 3- (3 1944), (7 1943), (30 1947), " " (3 1944), . 22 2005 1535 6 , , : .

1906

, . - , , . ( 1926 - 1930 . .). ( ) ( , , - ), , , , , " ", " , ", " ", ", , ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " , ", " -", " ". 1981 . 100 . , . - ., ., ., ., ., ., ., .

1907
(Artur Kaleis)
. 11 1999

1909

.

1910

5- (1- ), . . . 1943. 1930 . . 1932. 1936 , 1941 - . 1941. .. - . 12 1945 , , , . 1 (, ). 6 1945. 1948 , 1962 - . . 1969 . ( ) -- (). . , , 1 , , , .

1910
()
, " " ( .). . (1930), . , . 22 2000 .

1910

. 40-50- "--", " ". , , , . 1958 " ", " " .

1910
(Helena mahelov)
. . () 5 1997 .

1911
-
.

1911

.

1912
""
- .

 (525x700, 97Kb)
1912

134- 10- 4- , . . . ()/ 1940 . . (). 1940 . 1942 . 1942 . 134- (10- , 4- , ) 12 1942 , , . - , . 31 1943 - ( 969). 1944 .. . . 8 2000 . (1943), 1- (1985), . . .

 (485x699, 114Kb)
1913

118- 40- 1- , . . . 7 . . 1935 . . (29 11 1938 ). 118- (40- , 1- , ) . 31 1938 , , (- .., ..) , . , . . , , 25 1938 . , . .

Safarov_Aram_Avak (521x700, 62Kb)
1913

309- 109- 46- 2- , . . . () 1940 . 6 . 1935-1937 . "" . 1941 - . , , . 1944 "". . 7 1944 (- , ). , , . 8 1944 , , . 31 1945 - . . , .

semenov_aja (470x700, 109Kb)
1913

243- {181- , 6- , 1- ), . . . 7 . 1941 . C 21 1945 , , , . , , . , , , , . . , , . .. , . (). 10 1945 . . .

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