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Ïîäíÿë DNS íà Fedora äëÿ ëîêàëêè

×åòâåðã, 16 Àïðåëÿ 2009 ã. 11:21 + â öèòàòíèê
Ïî ñîâåòó maxbritov ÿ ïîäíÿë â ñåòêå DNS. Ïðè÷¸ì DNS ìíå íóæåí èìåííî äëÿ ëîêàëüíûõ àäðåñîâ. Èáî èíîãäà óæå ïðèõîäèòñÿ ëàçèòü â HOSTS íà ðàáî÷èõ ñòàíöèÿõ. À ýòî óæå íå õîðîøî.

Òåõíè÷åñêèå äåòàëè, êîíôèãè äóìàþ èíòåðåñóþò íå î÷åíü ìíîãèõ, ïîýòîìó óáåðó ïîäêàò.

Íî óáðàâ DNS ÿ õî÷ó ïîéòè äàëüøå è îòêàçàòüñÿ îò NetBIOS âîîáùå. È òóò ÿ ïîëó÷àþ ïðîáëåìó, ìàøèíà ñ îòêëþ÷åííûì íåòáèîñîì íå ìîæåò ïîäêëþ÷èòüñÿ ê øàðå. Äàæå íå ïûòàåòñÿ. Åñëè âêëþ÷åí âåá-êëèåíò - òî ïîíà÷àëó ïûòàåòñÿ çàëåçòü íà 80-ïîðò. Åñëè âåá-êëèåíò îòêëþ÷èòü - òî íå ëåçåò âîîáùå íèêóäà. (((

Òàê è áóäó ïîêà æèòü.



========================================
Òèïà ââåäåíèÿ

Çäåñü ÿ âûêëàäûâàþ ñâî¸ Ìèíè-HOWTO êàê ïîäíÿòü DNS íà Fedora äëÿ ëîêàëêè.

Òåìà íå òî ÷òîáû àðõè-ñëîæíàÿ, íî èìåííî â òàêîé ïîñòàíîâêå ÿ â ñåòè íè÷åãî íå íàø¸ë.

Ïèøó ýòî áîëüøå êàê ïàìÿòêó äëÿ ñåáÿ. Èëè äëÿ ìîëîäûõ çåë¸íûõ ñèñàäìèíîâ )).
Êîðî÷å êîìó ïðèãîäèòñÿ - òîìó è ïèøó ))))

========================================
DNS. Íàñòðîéêà PRIMARY

Ñíà÷àëà óñòàíàâëèâàåì bind

yum install bind


Ãëàâíûé íàñòðîå÷íûé ôàéë /etc/named.conf êàê áóäòî íå äîëæåí ðåäàêòèðîâàòüñÿ âðó÷íóþ, íî ÿ íå óäåðæàëñÿ è èçìåíèë òàì äîñòóïû. Ïî-óìîë÷àíèþ òàì ñòîèò localhost.

allow-query     { any; };


Åù¸, ÷òîáû ïðîêàòûâàëè êðèâûå íàçâàíèÿ êîìïüþòåðîâ, äîáàâèë ñòðî÷êó:

check-names master ignore;



Íàñòðîéêà ïðÿìîé çîíû

Ïðÿìàÿ çîíà íóæíà äëÿ ðàçðåøåíèÿ èì¸í â IP.

Ïîñêîëüêó DNS ìîæåò ðàáîòàòü ìàñòåðîì òîëüêî â ñâîåé çîíå, à êîðíåâàÿ çîíà óæå çàíÿòà èíòåðíåòîì, ïðèøëîñü çàâåñòè ñâîþ çîíó myzone, â êîòîðîé è âûäàâàòü äîìåííûå èìåíà òèïà SKLAD.myzone, OFFICE.myzone è òàê äàëåå. ×òîáû êëèåíòû ìîãëè ðàáîòàòü ñ êîðîòêèìè èìåíàìè áåç óêàçàíèÿ çîíû, íàïðèìåð SKLAD à íå SKLAD.myzone, íóæíû ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå íàñòðîéêè êëèåíòà (ñì. DNS. Íàñòðîéêà êëèåíòîâ)

Äëÿ çàâåäåíèÿ ïðÿìîé çîíû íóæíî â ôàéëå /etc/named.rfc1912.zones äîáàâèòü êîä

zone "myzone." {
type master;
file "myzone";
};

Ïîñëå ýòîãî â ïàïêå /var/named íóæíî ñîçäàòü ôàéë myzone ïðèìåðíî ñëåäóþùåãî ñîäåðæàíèÿ:


$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA @ rname.invalid. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS @
A 127.0.0.1
AAAA ::1
office A 192.168.0.47
office3 A 192.168.0.55
office5 A 192.168.0.70
office2 A 192.168.0.80
office4 A 192.168.0.106
.....

Ïîñëå ýòîãî ïåðåãðóçèòü ñåðâèñ named
/etc/init.d/named/restart


Âñ¸. Ïîñëå ýòîãî âñå êîìïüþòåðû èñïîëüçóþùèå ýòîò DNS ñìîãóò ïî èìåíàì â çîíå íàõîäèòü IP

Íàñòðîéêà îáðàòíîé çîíû
Îáðàòíàÿ çîíà íóæíà, ÷òîáû êîìïüþòåðû ìîãëè ïî IP íàõîäèòü äîìåííûå èìåíà.

Äëÿ çàâåäåíèÿ îáðàòíîé çîíû íóæíî â ôàéëå /etc/named.rfc1912.zones äîáàâèòü êîä

zone "0.168.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA" {
type master;
file "myzone.rev";
};
};

Ïîñëå ýòîãî â ïàïêå /var/named íóæíî ñîçäàòü ôàéë myzone.rev ïðèìåðíî ñëåäóþùåãî ñîäåðæàíèÿ:

$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA @ rname.invalid. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS @
PTR localhost.
IN NS ns.myzone
47 IN PTR office.myzone.
55 IN PTR office3.myzone.
70 IN PTR office5.myzone.
80 IN PTR office2.myzone.
106 IN PTR office4.myzone.
....

Ïîñëå ýòîãî ïåðåãðóçèòü ñåðâèñ named

/etc/init.d/named/restart


Âñ¸. Ïîñëå ýòîãî âñå êîìïüþòåðû èñïîëüçóþùèå ýòîò DNS ñìîãóò ïî IP íàõîäèòü äîìåííîå èìÿ

Íàñòðîéêà çîí - ïàðà ìûñëåé íàïîñëåäîê
Ïðè áîëüøîì êîëè÷åñòâå êîìïüþòåðîâ â ñåòè ðó÷íîå ðåäàêòèðîâàíèå ôàéëîâ çîí ìîæåò ñòàòü âåñüìà íåòðèâèàëüíûì çàíÿòèåì.

Åñëè ãäå-òî ðåãóëÿðíî âåä¸òñÿ è îáíîâëÿåòñÿ áàçà äàííûõ ñ èìåíàìè êîìïüþòåðîâ è èõ àäðåñàìè, èìååòñìûñë ñäåëàòü ñêðèïò äëÿ àâòîìàòè÷åñêîãî ñîçäàíèÿ çîí ïî ýòîé ÁÄ.

======================================
DNS. Íàñòðîéêà SLAVE

Ðåøèë ïîäíÿòü íà îòäåëüíîì ñåðâåðå ñëåéâ (Secondary DNS). Ýòî íóæíî íà ñëó÷àé îòâàëèâàíèÿ ñåòêè ó ìàñòåðà (Primary DNS).

1. Ïîäíèìàåì íà ñëåéâå NAMED

yum install bind


2. Íàñòðàèâàåì ìàñòåðà íà ðàáîòó ñî ñëåéâîì (/etc/named.rfc1912.zones)


zone "myzone." {
type master;
file "myzone";
allow-transfer {
192.168.0.50; <<=== àäðåñ ñëåéâà (âòîðè÷íîãî DNS)
};
};

zone "192.168.0.IN-ADDR.ARPA" {
type master;
file "myzone.rev";
allow-transfer {
192.168.0.50; <<=== àäðåñ ñëåéâà (âòîðè÷íîãî DNS)
};
};


3. Íàñòðàèâàåì ñëåéâ íà ðàáîòó ñ ìàñòåðîì (/etc/named.rfc1912.zones)

zone "myzone" {
type slave;
file "myzone.bk";
// IP address of eng.example.com master server
masters {
192.168.0.53; <<== Àäðåñ ìàñòåðà (ïåðâè÷íîãî DNS)
};
};

Ñëåéâ ñàì ñîçäà¸ò ôàéë myzone.bk. Ïîýòîìó ïîëüçîâàòåëü named äîëæåí èìåòü äîñòóï íà ÷òåíèå/çàïèñü âñåõ ôàéëîâ è ïàïîê â /var/named. Äëÿ ñëåéâà ýòî îñîáåííî êðèòè÷íî. Ìàñòåð ãîðàçäî ïðîùå ê ýòîìó îòíîñèòñÿ

======================================================
DNS. Íàñòðîéêà êëèåíòîâ


×òîáû êîìïüþòåðû ðàáîòàëè ñ DNS èõ íóæíî íàñòðîèòü

Íàñòðîéêà Windows XP

1. Ïðîïèñûâàåì DNS
* Îòêðûâàåì ñâîéñòâà ñåòåâîãî ïîäêëþ÷åíèÿ
*  íàñòðîéêàõ TCP/IP ïðîïèñûâàåì íàøè ïåðâè÷íûé è âòîðè÷íûé DNS

2. Äîáàâëÿåì ñóôôèêñ myzone

Òàì æå Äîïîëíèòåëüíî->DNS->Äîïèñûâàòü ñëåäóþùèå DNS ñóôôèêñû

Ýòî íóæíî ñäåëàòü, ò.ê. òåïåðü âñå íàçâàíèå êîìïîâ áóäóò èìåòü âèä office.myzone, è ÷òîáû ïîëüçîâàòåëü íå äîïèñûâàë ýòîò ñóôôèêñ âðó÷íóþ.
3. Îòêëþ÷àåì NetBIOS

Åñòü áîëüøîå æåëàíèå îòêëþ÷èòü NetBios. Ê ñîæàëåíèþ ó ìåíÿ ïîêà íå ïðîêàòèëî.
Òàì æå, Äîïîëíèòåëüíî->WINS->Îòêëþ÷èòü NetBios ÷åðåç TCP/IP

Íàñòðîéêà Linux
Îíè òîæå íóæäàþòñÿ â DNS.

×òîáû îíè èñïîëüçîâàëè íàøè DNS íóæíî â /etc/resolv.conf ïðîïèñàòü ñëåäóþùåå:


search myzone
nameserver 192.168.0.53 <<=== Àäðåñ ìàñòåðà
nameserver 192.168.0.50 <<=== Àäðåñ ñëåéâà


Âîò è âñ¸.
Ìåòêè:  

maxbritov   îáðàòèòüñÿ ïî èìåíè ×åòâåðã, 16 Àïðåëÿ 2009 ã. 14:05 (ññûëêà)
Åñëè ìàñòåð ñ äèíàìè÷åñêèìè îáíîâëåíèÿìè, òî åìó òîæå íóæíû ïðàâà ñîçäàíèÿ ôàéëîâ
Îòâåòèòü Ñ öèòàòîé Â öèòàòíèê
altesack   îáðàòèòüñÿ ïî èìåíè ×åòâåðã, 16 Àïðåëÿ 2009 ã. 14:50 (ññûëêà)
Êàê ýòî äèíàìè÷åñêèå îáíîâëåíèÿ?
ß èç êðîíà ðóòîì ïåðåñîçäàþ ôàéëû çîí è ïåðåãðóæàþ named
Îòâåòèòü Ñ öèòàòîé Â öèòàòíèê
maxbritov   îáðàòèòüñÿ ïî èìåíè ×åòâåðã, 16 Àïðåëÿ 2009 ã. 15:11 (ññûëêà)

Îòâåò íà êîììåíòàðèé altesack

Ñàìûé ïðîñòîé ïðèìåð ýòî äèíàìè÷åñêàÿ ðåãèñòðàöèÿ DHCP êëèåíòîâ â DNS.
Îòâåòèòü Ñ öèòàòîé Â öèòàòíèê
Îòâåòèòü Ñ öèòàòîé Â öèòàòíèê
altesack   îáðàòèòüñÿ ïî èìåíè ×åòâåðã, 16 Àïðåëÿ 2009 ã. 16:45 (ññûëêà)
maxbritov, Íååå.. Ó íàñ âñ¸ ñòàòè÷íî
Loreleya
Îòâåòèòü Ñ öèòàòîé Â öèòàòíèê
maxbritov   îáðàòèòüñÿ ïî èìåíè ×åòâåðã, 16 Àïðåëÿ 2009 ã. 16:51 (ññûëêà)
Åùå âèíäîâûé êîíòðîëëåð äîìåíà ëþáèò îáíîâëÿòü ñâîè ñëóæåáíûå çîíû.
Îòâåòèòü Ñ öèòàòîé Â öèòàòíèê
maxbritov   îáðàòèòüñÿ ïî èìåíè ×åòâåðã, 16 Àïðåëÿ 2009 ã. 16:51 (ññûëêà)

Îòâåò íà êîììåíòàðèé maxbritov

Äà, ýòî òîæå æ íå ïðî âàñ :)
Îòâåòèòü Ñ öèòàòîé Â öèòàòíèê
Êîììåíòèðîâàòü — Ê äíåâíèêó — Ñòðàíèöû: [1] [Íîâûå]
 

Äîáàâèòü êîììåíòàðèé:
Òåêñò êîììåíòàðèÿ: ñìàéëèêè

Ïðîâåðêà îðôîãðàôèè: (íàéòè îøèáêè)

Ïðèêðåïèòü êàðòèíêó:

 Ïåðåâîäèòü URL â ññûëêó
 Ïîäïèñàòüñÿ íà êîììåíòàðèè
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