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, . , - (), . , , .
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pH , ( potentia hydrogeni , pondus hydrogenii ) ( ) , , ( ) , : pH = -log[H+]. .. + -, . ( .)
[H+] ( > 7) [-], , + ( < 7) . =7. , .
, , . , - , , -, . [H+] > [OH-] , , [OH-] > [H+] .
, . - , . - . - , .
pH = 7,0 8,0.
pH pH 7,6.
pH 6,5-7 20-30%.
. , . , , , , . , .
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