Êñòàòè — êàê ïðàâèëüíî ïèøåòñÿ, 1940s èëè 1940's, ñ àïîñòðîôîì?
Èëè òî÷íåå, ãäå è êàê è ïî÷åìó ïèøåòñÿ òàê èëè èíà÷å?
Ëàäíî, íàäî áû äîáèòü íåîëîãèçìû 1940-õ.
megabuck, (1946) — $1m, èëè êàíîíè÷åñêèé óæå ìèëëèîí äîëëàðîâ ÑØÀ. Êîãäà Àìåðèêà íà èñõîäå âîéíû ïðèíÿëàñü çà ðàçðàáîòêó àòîìíîãî îðóæèÿ, â ýòîò ïðîåêò âëèâàëèñü ñòîëü êîëîññàëüíûå äåíüãè, ÷òî ïðîèçíîñòü ñëîâîñî÷åòàíèÿ òèïà thirty-four million dollars ó âñåõ óæå ïðîñòî ÿçûêè óñòàëè, è óïðîñòèëè äî "ìåãàáàêñà". Ê ïðèìåðó, — How much has been assigned? Something like two hundred megabucks? Tell'em we'll need more by Christmas. Èëè, áîëåå ñîâðåìåííîå, — Corporate giants are raking in hundreds of megabucks while small businesses founder in their hundreds.
name-dropper, (1947), ïðîèçâîäíûå name-dropping (1950), to name-drop (1955) — ïîõîäÿ óïîìèíàòü çíàìåíèòîñòåé, íàçûâàÿ èõ ïî èìåíè-îò÷åñòâó, òèïà, êàê â ðóññêîì, "Çàõîæó ÿ ê Àëëå Áîðèñîâíå, à Àëëà ìíå è ãîâîðèò..."  õîðîøåì îáùåñòâå ñ÷èòàåòñÿ äóðíûì òîíîì è ïðîÿâëåíèåì ïîçîðíîãî òùåñëàâèÿ. Ê ïðèìåðó, "Yeah, I'd known Andy Warhol before he hit big time; Andy would always borrow a tenner or two from me."
à no-no, (1942) — íå÷òî êàòåãîðè÷åñêè íåäîïóñòèìîå, çàïðåù¸ííîå íåïèñàííûìè ïðàâèëàìè, òèïà áåëûõ íîñêîâ ñ ÷¸ðíûì êîñòþìîì è ò.ä., îñîáåííî â êàêèõ-òî ñîîáùåñòâàõ, ãäå "íåïèñàíûé êîäåêñ" îñîáåííî ñèë¸í. Âñåãäà èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ñ íåîïðåäåë¸ííûì àðòèêëåì. Ïðèìåðû: "ordering a Martini was a no-no: we all drank beer and vodka and scotch." — "Playing tag is now a no-no at some US schools."
parapants, (1942) — "parachute + pants", æåíñêèå òðóñû èç ïàðàøþòíîãî ø¸ëêà, îáû÷íî òðîôåéíîãî — âûíóæäåííàÿ íåîáõîäèìîñòü â âîåííîå âðåìÿ êîãäà ýêîíîìèêà ðàáîòàëà òîëüêî íà îáîðîíêó, è ðîñêîøü, ïî òåì âðåìåíàì, îñîáåííî â Àíãëèè. He was amazed to discover that she was wearing parapants; "You've got a boyfriend in the army?" — he asked.
passion-killers, (1943) — ïîëíàÿ ïðîòèâîïîëîæíîñòü
parapants, — æåíñêèå êàç¸ííûå òðóñû èç ãðóáîé, êîëþ÷åé øåðñòè, äëèíîé ïðèìåðíî îò ïóïêà äî ñåðåäèíû á¸äåð — â ÑÑÑÐ, êàæåòñÿ, áûëè ïîäîáíûå. "I hate those passion-killers," she snapped, "I just can't make myself wear them!"
phoney war, (1940) — ïåðèîä ñ ñåíòÿáðÿ 1939 äî ìàÿ 1940, êîãäà â Åâðîïå íåìåöêèå è ñîþçíûå âîéñêà ïðîñòî ñèäåëè â îêîïàõ, è áîëüøå íè÷åãî íå äåëàëè, òîëüêî ëåíèâî ïåðåñòðåëèâàëèñü. Òàêæå èçâåñòíî êàê
sitzkrieg, â íàñìåøêó íàä íåìåöêèì "blitzkrieg", îò íåìåöêîãî ñëîâà "sitzen" — "ñèäåòü".
phoney war äî ñèõ ïîð óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ â ñìûñëå "ìíîãî ñëîâ, äà ìàëî äåëà", ê ïðèìåðó, "Blair's phoney war on unemplyment".
pissed-off, (1946) — angry, irritated, fed-up, depressed — ýòî âñå çíàþò, ïðîñòî èíòåðåñíà äàòà ïîÿâëåíèÿ.
supercalifràgilisticexpialidocious, (1949) — ôàíòàñòè÷åñêèé, óäèâèòåëüíûé — èç äåòñêèõ êíèæåê. Íåìíîãî ïîõîæåå ñëîâî áûëî íàçâàíèåì ïåñíè
Parker & Young, íî ñòàëî èçâåñòíî òîëüêî â 1964, èç äèñíååâñêîãî ôèëüìà ïðî Ìýðè Ïîïïèíñ, è èç ïîñëåäîâàâøåãî ñóäåáíîãî èñêà ìóçûêàíòîâ ê Äèñíåþ (Äèñíåé âûèãðàë). Ïîñëåäíèé ðàç â ïðåññå óïîòðåáëÿëîñü â 1997 ãîäó â ðåêëàìå ñåòè ñóïåðìàðêåòîâ
Sainsbury's.
Äàëüøå îáùåèçâåñòíûå ñëîâà,
ïðîñòî èíòåðåñíû äàòû.
post-industrial — 1947
post-modern — 1949
press-up, (1947), — ôèçè÷åñêîå óïðàæíåíèå, êîãäà, ë¸æà íà ïîëó, ïîäíèìåøü òîðñ ñ ðóêàìè çà ãîëîâîé — äëÿ ïðåññà.
program, (1945) — â áðèòàíñêîì àíãëèéñêîì êîìïüþòåðíàÿ ïðîãðàììà, â îòëè÷èå îò òåëåâèçèîííîé, êîòîðàÿ
programme.
squillion — 1943
zillion — 1944
stateside — 1944
straight — 1941, èçíà÷àëüíî çíà÷èëî "ïðèäåðæèâàþùèéñÿ òðàäèöèîííûõ ñåìåéíûõ öåííîñòåé, çàêîíîïîñëóøíûé", è òîëüêî â 1960-õ ñòàëî çíà÷èòü "ãåòåðîñåêñóàë".
to swan about — 1942
telly — 1940, ïðè÷åì ñíà÷àëà Ò íàçûâàëè óâàæèòåëüíî,
tele, à êàê ðàñêóñèëè, òàê ñðàçó
telly — âèäèìî, ïî àíàëîãèè ñ
belly.