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, , () 13 1801 .
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, .
, , 1964 . , 12 1805 . .
. 25.3.1802 , , . , , .
9 1803 (Giovanni-Battista Tommasi), (Catania), (Messina) .
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, .
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1805 . , . . . , . , .
15 1805 (Sacred Council) Innico-Maria Guevara-Suardo (- -), , VII Giuseppe Caracciolo ( ). 1805 , , - -, , , .. .
" " (knights of Justice), .. , , (Cross of Devotion) , . (knights of Devotion), , . , . .
, , , .
1814 - - (Andrea di Giovanni e Centelles). , . , 1814 .
, . XIX . , , . .
, 1830 , . - .
1831 (Palazzo Malta) (Aventine Hill), (Palazzo Malta on the via Condotti) (Piazza di Spagna).
1834 (Ponza), . - , (Bailiff of Honor and Devotion) .
1848 , 1850 . , , , . , .. , .
, - .
, , , , 1859 .
28 1879 (Apostolic Brief ) , 1872 - (Giovanni-Battista Ceschi a Santa Croce). XIII " Inclytum antiquitate originis " , , . , .
, XIX , , , , , .
, , - , , , , , (Sovereign Military Order). . , "" , .
1876 " " (Tantur), , 1893 130 . .
, 600 , , .
Galeazzo von Thun und Hohenstein ( ), 1905 , .
1910 , - 1912 . " " 12 . .
, , .
1931 Ludovico Chigi Albani della Rovere ( ) . 1933 (Missionary School of Medicine and Surgery) , (Catholic Missions) .
, , , .
, ..
, , .
SOVEREIGN MILITARY HOSPITALLER ORDER OF SAINT JOHN OF JERUSALEM OF RHODES AND OF MALTA - .
-ORDER OF MALTA - .
10 . ( ).
. , , () . , , . , . .. .
, , .
6 (, , , , , ) 54 , .
, ( , , ):
:
1- (Justice),
2- (Obedience),
3- (Honor),
3b- (Grace) (Donat).
-
* (grand cross),
* (commander) ( 1, 2 3),
* (knight),
* (donat) .
, (Bailiff ) . - "" (Venerable).
:
1- ;
2- ;
3- .
1.Guy Stair Sainty.THE SOVEREIGN MILITARY HOSPITALLER ORDER OF MALTA ( www.chivalricorders.org/orders/smom/crusades.htm)
2.., .. . . . 2001.
3.., .. . . . 2002.
4. . . . . . 1998.
5.... . . . 1986.
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