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 LiveInternet.ru:
: 17.03.2011
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: 51

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. 8. : Etherchannel

, 08 2017 . 08:10 +


! , . Etherchannel. , , , . . .

1) , OSI TCP/IP.
2) .
3) (, ).
4) .
5) IP , .
6) VLAN, Trunk VTP DTP.
7) : STP.
8) : Etherchannel.
9) : RIP, OSPF EIGRP.
10) : NAT PAT.
11) : FHRP.
12) : VPN.
13) : PPP, HDLC, Frame Relay.
14) IPv6, .
15) .

P.S. , .


, .
Etherchannel , () (, ) . , . , (-, - .). Etherchannel Cisco , , . -. Huawei Link Aggregation, D-Link LAG . .

.

2 , . , ( ). , . . . 2 :

  1. , . , .
  2. , . , , , . - .


, . . , . , STP . . Packet Tracer.

, 2- , . , . , . . , . . Etherchannel. Cisco 3 :

  1. 1) LACP Link Aggregation Control Protocol IEEE.
  2. 2) PAgP Port Aggregation Protocol Cisco.
  3. .

3 :

  • Duplex
  • VLAN- Native VLAN
  • (access, trunk)

.
. 2 - .
. , . , , , , LACP PAgP.

LACP. , active passive. , active LACP, passive LACP, LACP- . , LACP, active, active, passive. .
Active Passive
Active
Passive

.

2 , 2 . , ( ), ( ) - STP. , . . STP , .
.

SW1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1 -   

SW1(config-if)#shutdown  -   (     ,  STP   )

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to administratively down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

SW1(config-if)#channel-group 1 mode active -   port-channel 1 (      )      active.
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1 -      .

SW1(config-if)#no shutdown -  .

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

SW1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2 -    

SW1(config-if)#shutdown - .

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to administratively down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to down

SW1(config-if)#channel-group 1 mode active -   port-channel 1

SW1(config-if)#no shutdown - .

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up


. show etherchannel port-channel:

SW1#show etherchannel port-channel 
                Channel-group listing:
                ----------------------

Group: 1
----------
                Port-channels in the group:
                ---------------------------

Port-channel: Po1    (Primary Aggregator)
------------

Age of the Port-channel   = 00d:00h:08m:44s
Logical slot/port   = 2/1       Number of ports = 2
GC                  = 0x00000000      HotStandBy port = null
Port state          = Port-channel 
Protocol            =   LACP
Port Security       = Disabled

Ports in the Port-channel:

Index   Load   Port     EC state        No of bits
------+------+------+------------------+-----------
  0     00     Fa0/1    Active             0
  0     00     Fa0/2    Active             0
Time since last port bundled:    00d:00h:08m:43s    Fa0/2


, port-channel .

.

SW2(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2 -      .

SW2(config-if-range)#shutdown -  .

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to administratively down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to administratively down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to down

SW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode passive -  port-channel     passive (,   LACP-).
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1 -  .

SW2(config-if-range)#no shutdown -  .

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up


. show etherchannel summary:

SW1#show etherchannel summary 
Flags: D - down P - in port-channel
I - stand-alone s - suspended
H - Hot-standby (LACP only)
R - Layer3 S - Layer2
U - in use f - failed to allocate aggregator
u - unsuitable for bundling
w - waiting to be aggregated
d - default port


Number of channel-groups in use: 1
Number of aggregators: 1

Group Port-channel Protocol Ports
------+-------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------

1 Po1(SU) LACP Fa0/1(P) Fa0/2(P) 


port-channel, , . SU , , . P , port-channel.

. STP .
, packet tracer . , stand-alone ( I) . .

LACP. LACP, .

, SW1 LACP-. Ethernet. Source MAC-, Destination 0180.C200.0002. LACP. LACP. , , , , . . . , , , . . , , MAC-. .

LACP.


. . CPT LACP, .



.
. port-channel. :

SW1(config)#interface port-channel 1
SW1(config-if)#?
arp Set arp type (arpa, probe, snap) or timeout
bandwidth Set bandwidth informational parameter
cdp Global CDP configuration subcommands
delay Specify interface throughput delay
description Interface specific description
duplex Configure duplex operation.
exit Exit from interface configuration mode
hold-queue Set hold queue depth
no Negate a command or set its defaults
service-policy Configure QoS Service Policy
shutdown Shutdown the selected interface
spanning-tree Spanning Tree Subsystem
speed Configure speed operation.
storm-control storm configuration
switchport Set switching mode characteristics
tx-ring-limit Configure PA level transmit ring limit


, . :

SW1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk 

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up


port-channel trunk . show running-config:

SW1#show running-config 
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1254 bytes
!
version 12.2
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname SW1
!
!
!
!
!
spanning-tree mode pvst
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
channel-group 1 mode active
switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
channel-group 1 mode active
switchport mode trunk
!
***************************************
interface Port-channel 1
switchport mode trunk
!


.
, , Load-Balance . , . , , , , , . . , Load-Balance .

SW1#show etherchannel load-balance 
EtherChannel Load-Balancing Operational State (src-mac):
Non-IP: Source MAC address
  IPv4: Source MAC address
  IPv6: Source MAC address


MAC-. . 1- MAC- , 2- MAC- , 3- MAC- . . .

. SW1 2 . SW2 . SW2 . Load-Balance src-mac. . MAC- 111 , MAC- 222 . . SW2. MAC- 333. SW1 . . Source MAC-, Destination MAC-. , , , 1- , , .
, .
:

SW1(config)#port-channel load-balance ?
dst-ip Dst IP Addr
dst-mac Dst Mac Addr
src-dst-ip Src XOR Dst IP Addr
src-dst-mac Src XOR Dst Mac Addr
src-ip Src IP Addr
src-mac Src Mac Addr


. , LACP, .

LACP. , , .
, , LACP , . .

PAgP. . ( , Cisco , ). LACP, Cisco .

PAgP 2 :
  1. Desirable PAgP.
  2. Auto , PAgP .

Desirable Auto
Desirable
Auto

.


SW1:

SW1(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2 -   .

SW1(config)#shutdown - .

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to administratively down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to administratively down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to down

SW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode desirable -  port-channel      desirable (  ).
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1


SW2 ( , SW1 ):

SW2(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2 -   .

SW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode auto -  port-channel    auto (,   PAgP-).
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1


SW1 :

SW1(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2

SW1(config-if-range)#no shutdown 

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up

   . . SW1:

SW1#show etherchannel summary 
Flags: D - down P - in port-channel
I - stand-alone s - suspended
H - Hot-standby (LACP only)
R - Layer3 S - Layer2
U - in use f - failed to allocate aggregator
u - unsuitable for bundling
w - waiting to be aggregated
d - default port


Number of channel-groups in use: 1
Number of aggregators: 1

Group Port-channel Protocol Ports
------+-------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------

1 Po1(SU) PAgP Fa0/1(P) Fa0/2(P) 


SW2:

SW2#show etherchannel summary 
Flags: D - down P - in port-channel
I - stand-alone s - suspended
H - Hot-standby (LACP only)
R - Layer3 S - Layer2
U - in use f - failed to allocate aggregator
u - unsuitable for bundling
w - waiting to be aggregated
d - default port


Number of channel-groups in use: 1
Number of aggregators: 1

Group Port-channel Protocol Ports
------+-------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------

1 Po1(SU) PAgP Fa0/1(P) Fa0/2(P) 


PAgP. , SW2. .



Source MAC- SW2. Destination PAgP. LLC SNAP. PAgP. MAC- SW1 ( , LACP), , .
LACP , . , . :


, . :
On
On


.
, , . . :

Switch(config)#default interface faX/X


. .

SW1(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2

SW1(config-if-range)#shutdown 

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to administratively down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to administratively down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to down

SW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode on -  port-channel   .
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1

SW1(config-if-range)#no shutdown 

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up


SW2:

SW2(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2

SW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode on 
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up


. show etherchannel summary:

SW1#show etherchannel summary 
Flags: D - down P - in port-channel
I - stand-alone s - suspended
H - Hot-standby (LACP only)
R - Layer3 S - Layer2
U - in use f - failed to allocate aggregator
u - unsuitable for bundling
w - waiting to be aggregated
d - default port


Number of channel-groups in use: 1
Number of aggregators: 1

Group Port-channel Protocol Ports
------+-------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------

1 Po1(SU) - Fa0/1(P) Fa0/2(P) 


, "-". .

- .
Best Practice . 2 . 3, 4 ( 8 port-channel). 2, 4 8 . - , Cisco. 0 7.
4 2 1
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 1 3
1 0 0 4
0 0 1 1
1 0 1 5
1 1 0 6
1 1 1 7

8 .
Etherchannel . , , . . 2 , port-channel. :

1) 0x0 fa0/1
2) 0x1 fa0/2
3) 0x2 fa0/1
4) 0x3 fa0/2
5) 0x4 fa0/1
6) 0x5 fa0/2
7) 0x6 fa0/1
8) 0x7 fa0/2

, fa0/1, fa0/2. 4:4. (50/50).
, , 3 . :

1) 0x0 fa0/1
2) 0x1 fa0/2
3) 0x2 fa0/3
4) 0x3 fa0/1
5) 0x4 fa0/2
6) 0x5 fa0/3
7) 0x6 fa0/1
8) 0x7 fa0/2

, fa0/1 3 , fa0/2 3 , fa0/3 2 . . 3:3:2. , .

, . , 8 8 , 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1. , . , , . . , 6 , . . .
Cisco . . , !

, . . , . , , . (, , ) , 100- , 800 / 8 /. .

, . . , , . , , . , , . , . , , .

. , , LACP PAgP. , , Etherchannel . !
Original source: habrahabr.ru (comments, light).

https://habrahabr.ru/post/334778/


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