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802.1d-2004) RSTP. MST
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802.1q-2014). , RSTP 802.1w, MST 802.1s.
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( Cisco) STP Rapid Per-VLAN Spanning Tree (PVRST+). , . . . . , Cisco 2960 128 STP.
, MST RSTP PVRST+. . , STP .
, RSTP, MST/PVRST+.
RSTP?
RSTP , . . RSTP STP:
- BPDU .
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RSTP BPDU Hello-. ( 2*3=6 ) , .
- Proposal/Agreement - Edge- (Forwarding).
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- - (point-to-point) RSTP ;
- (shared) RSTP ( , ).
, full-duplex (-) half-duplex (). shared RSTP .
STP , , (Listening -> Learning -> Forwarding), 30 .
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Edge . , : . , BPDU . 15 (Forward delay) , , . . , , .
Cisco Edge spanning-tree portfast.
RSTP Proposal/Agreement Discarding Forwarding. , Root Port ( ). , Edge-. ( Root port), Forwarding Root port. ( Edge) , :
- Proposal/Agreement ,
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- .
RSTP STP , . . . (alternative) (backup) . . , (.. BPDU c ) (.. ).
RSTP , . STP, . , Cisco UplinkFast.
- BPDU , (designated) .
, , STP , , 50 (MaxAge + 2x Forward Delay).
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- TCN BPDU .
STP , , . , MAC ( , ), . Topology Change Notification (TCN). , MAC (300 ) 15 (Forward Delay). TCN . , , . , , TCN (BPDU ) . , BPDU .
RSTP . , (non-edge port). , MAC . , ( ) BPDU c TC. . , MAC edge , , BPDU c TC.
Edge , MAC BPDU c TC.
RSTP ?
RSTP :
- , STP. RSTP STP. STP : Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding ( , BPDU).
- shared. RSTP. , Proposal/Agreement .
- , STP, edge. RSTP: Discarding (15 ), Learning (15 ), Forwarding. , 30 .
Edge RSTP, STP?
Edge non-Edge RSTP, STP. STP , .
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, : RSTP Edge- , STP.
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, STP , ?
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STP , BPDU ? . MAC PBDU STP RSTP 0180.C200.0000, multicast . BPDU VLAN 1.
MST PBDU (, MST 64). MAC- 0180.C200.0000.
PVST+ PVRST+ BPDU:
- IEEE-formatted BPDU STP, STP VLAN 1. MAC- 0180.C200.0000.
- PVST+ BPDU, STP VLAN. MAC- 0100.0CCC.CCCD.
, VLAN 1 , BPDU VLAN .
, , STP, STP, .
, SW1 (.. ). ? , . Root SW BPDU , . . SW1. , Root SW , SW1. , STP.
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. , , . , - , access- access- .
FAQ . , STP.
https://habrahabr.ru/post/330358/