Transportable tablespaces were introduced in MySQL 5.6. Using this feature, we can directly copy a tablespace to another server and populate the table with data. This is a very useful feature for large tables. The transportable tablespace mechanism is faster than any other method for exporting and importing tables because the files containing the data [&]

https://www.percona.com/blog/2021/03/24/importing-an-encrypted-innodb-tablespace-into-mysql/