Recently I had a customer where every single query was running in a transaction, as well as even the simplest selects. Unfortunately, this is not unique and many connectors like Java love to do that. In their case, the Java connector changed autocommit=off for the connection itself at the beginning, and as these were permanent [&]

https://www.percona.com/blog/2019/07/15/mysql-the-impact-of-transactions-on-query-throughput/