Beginning 2002, under the United Nations Development Programme, the fund shifted its focus from emergency help to lengthy-term improvement. In 2011, Ukraine opened up the sealed zone across the Chernobyl reactor to tourists who wish to be taught more in regards to the tragedy that occurred in 1986. Sergii Mirnyi, a radiation reconnaissance officer on the time of the accident, and now an academic at National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, has written concerning the psychological and physical effects on survivors and visitors bitumen prices today, and labored as an advisor to Chernobyl tourism teams. It has been reported that the degradation of the lava is more likely to be a sluggish, gradual process, quite than sudden and fast. The identical paper states that the loss of uranium from the wrecked reactor is just 10 kg per year; this low rate of uranium leaching suggests that the lava is resisting its setting. The paper additionally states that when the shelter is improved, the leaching rate of the lava will lower.