The purpose of the diet "Table No. 5"
Diet for a week: diet "Table No. 5"
October 10, 2021
Dietary nutrition "Table No. 5" is prescribed for:
- chronic hepatitis without exacerbation;
- acute cholecystitis and hepatitis during recovery;
- chronic cholecystitis without exacerbation, cirrhosis of the liver;
- chronic pancreatitis;
- cholelithiasis without exacerbation;
- gout, as well as urolithiasis with stones that were formed from the salt of uric acid;
- some diseases of the biliary tract, liver and gallbladder.
- Photo
- Essentials/Istock
- Therapeutic nutrition "Table No. 5" is contraindicated in active diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
The main goal of the appointment of diet No. 5 is the introduction of a balanced, liver-sparing diet,
which is aimed at restoring the functions of the liver, biliary tract, as well as improving bile secretion.
Diet "Table No. 5" provides for the normal consumption of proteins and carbohydrates with some restrictions of fats.
From the diet are excluded products that contain purines, cholesterol, extractive substances, oxalic acid, essential oils,
as well as products with fats that have oxidized during frying.
In addition, there is a restriction of salt intake.
In the diet should be present foods rich in lipotropic substances, fiber, pectins.
All dishes are boiled, baked without crust or stewed.
It is necessary to eat 4-6 times a day in small portions.
It is desirable to grind food as much as possible.
On an empty stomach, you need to drink as much fluid as possible.
As part of the daily norm of diet products with diet No. 5:
- proteins - up to 80 g, including 50% - of animal origin
- fats - up to 80-90 g, including 30% - vegetable
- carbohydrates – up to 400 g, energy value – 2400−2800 kcal
It must be remembered that the diet can not restore the functioning of the organs affected by the disease.
It only eliminates the factors that provoke exacerbation, and also contributes to the recovery processes.
Diet No. 5 is prescribed in combination with medications and medical procedures.
Of course, patients who know their exact diagnosis can independently switch to this nutrition plan,
but this does not exempt them from visiting a doctor.
Alla Ponomareva
Gastroenterologist
Nutritionist-gastroenterologist, doctor of the highest category of the international medical center "ON CLINIC"
"Eat only what you tolerate well"
"If there are diseases that require such a diet, I prescribe Table No. 5," says Alla Ponomareva.
- Salt on the diet is also limited, but I prescribe this only during the period of exacerbation.
For 2-3 weeks, a month is the maximum.
I believe such gentle nutrition is advisable for a short time.
Prolonged restrictions in nutrition can greatly harm health.
It can be stagnant phenomena, and lack of vitamins and trace elements, and other negative consequences.
The golden rule I tell my patients is that you only eat what you tolerate well.
People suffering from certain diseases can choose their individual diet without exacerbation.
And this does not mean that these will be multiple restrictions, usually these are the exclusions of a small number of products.
And only if the patient outside the exacerbation is worried about something.
For example, earlier it was accepted to place a patient with an exacerbation of an ulcer in a hospital,
and now everything has changed.
If the house has a favorable atmosphere and a person at home can eat right,
then it is better to stay at home, because hospitalization is stressful.
If you return to the diet, Table No. 5 is convenient as a basis, as a basis and for a short time,
but if a person has been on a diet for years, then he becomes psychologically dependent on food,
it is very difficult to tear him away from the diet psychologically.
When patients are worried about something,
I sometimes force them to write food diaries, on them you can see the entire diet.
And then by trial and error we find that the body does not tolerate, and leave what is well tolerated.
We are all individual," the doctor continues, "we have our own habits, favorite dishes, products.
If, using them, a person feels good, comfortable, then why prohibit it.
For example, someone ate a piece of pork or lamb and feels very good, and someone ate dietary
cottage cheese and after that he is not good.
It is necessary to start from your well-being, and all these common long-term restrictions in food
will not add health.
Our body itself knows what it needs
Therefore, I repeat, eat only what you tolerate well, but do not abuse anything, you need to eat dosed. "
What you can, can't: list-table
It is recommended to eat soups: dairy, vegetable, with cereals, fruit.
Borscht and soup should be meat-free.
Dressing for soups can not be fried.
Allowed lean, lean meat (beef, poultry, ham or tongue), fish (walleye, bream, hake, navaga, cod).
Cooking methods - boil or steam, bake boiled fish and meat in the oven, cook fish filling dishes.
Milk, kefir, cottage cheese should be consumed no more than 200 g per day.
You can cook dishes from cottage cheese: casseroles, soufflés, cottage cheese, lazy dumplings,
not too spicy cheese.
It is desirable to cook porridge on water or with the addition of a small amount of milk.
Liquids should be consumed 1.5-2 liters per day.
Bread is recommended to eat yesterday's pastries, both white and black, as well as from bran.
No more than 2 times a week you can eat a little pastry (buns or pies), while the dough should not be
added oil.
Boiled eggs - no more than one per day, if an omelet is prepared, then also only from one egg.
It is recommended to eat raw and boiled vegetables and herbs, as well as various dishes
from vegetables (side dishes and soups, stews).
Especially useful are carrots and beets.
CAN:
- fruits and berries (non-acidic varieties);
- black caviar;
- puddings (baked or steamed);
- noodles and pasta;
- crackers, dry biscuits (biscuits), dry biscuits;
- jam from sweet fruits and berries, sugar, honey, marshmallow, marmalade, pastila -
- no more than 70 g per day;
- butter and vegetable oil - as a dressing of dishes;
- vegetable and fruit natural juices, rosehip decoction, herbal or weak tea, coffee with milk;
- berry, milk, fruit sauces;
- herbs and some spices in limited quantities: dill leaves, parsley, cloves, cinnamon, bay leaf, vanilla.
- Photo
- Essentials/Istock
Diet "Table number 5" recommends limited salt intake, no more than 10 g per day. In addition,
it is advisable to salt the dishes only after they are cooked.
MUST NOT:
- fatty varieties of fish, meat, poultry;
- fried, fatty, spicy, smoked dishes and products;
- alcohol;
- offal (brains, liver);
- bacon, canned food, legumes;
- mushrooms and mushroom broths;
- onion, spinach, sorrel, radishes, garlic, radish, rhubarb, cauliflower, turnips;
- chocolate, ice cream, cocoa;
- vinegar, carbonated drinks;
- cold drink;
- pickled vegetables.
- Photo
- Signature/Istock
Menu for the week
For breakfast, you can eat a vinaigrette dressed with low-fat sour cream, soaked herring
(no more than 20 g), a slice of yesterday's white bread.
As a drink - tea with milk.
The second breakfast may include a small piece of boiled beef, a portion of buckwheat porridge, as well as natural vegetable juice.
Lunch: on the first - vegetable soup with the addition of low-fat sour cream, on the second -
a small piece of boiled fish, vegetables, mashed potatoes, after which you can drink compote of sweet fruits.
For dinner, a casserole of low-fat cottage cheese is suitable, as well as weak tea with sugar.
Before bedtime, you can eat dry cookies, washing it down with jelly from sweet fruits.
Another option for the menu of a therapeutic diet.
Breakfast: oatmeal on water with the addition of milk, low-fat cottage cheese with sugar,
weak tea with honey.
For the second breakfast, you can eat a baked apple.
Lunch: on the first - vegetable soup, on the second - boiled chicken and rice, from drinking - compote.
For an afternoon snack - a vitamin decoction of rose hips.
For dinner - boiled fish, mashed potatoes, tea.
Before bedtime, you can drink a glass of kefir.
