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*Alliance de Chevalerie des Hospitaliers de Saint Jean de Jerusalem - C .
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*Religious Military Order of the Roman Catholic Church- ;
*Order of Saint John - ;
*Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Malta- ;
*Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta - ;
*The Chivalric Alliance of Hospitallers of Saint John of Jerusalem - ;
*The Order of St.John of Jerusalem - . ;
*The Order of the Knights of Malta - ;
*Sovereign Military Order- .
S.M.H.O.M. - Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Malta.
Sovereign Military Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and Malta ( , ) 1936 . Hospitaller () XIX . Sovereign () 1800 , ; Military () of Malta () , .
:
* 1099. - (Rector);
* 1099 - 1489 - (Founder and Director) , - (Magistery);
*1489 -1805 - (Grand Magistery);
*1805-28.3.1879 - (Lieutenant Magistery );
*28.3.1879-.. - (Grand Magistery);
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*1070 (1080?,1099 ?) -1120 - Gerard Beatified ( );
*1120-1160 - Raymond du Puy ( );
*?-1217-? - ;
* ? -1309-?- Fulk de Villaret ( );
*?-1441-? -de Lastic ( );
*? -1476-? -Helion Villeneuve ( )
*? - 1481 - Pierre d'Aubusson ( ');
*1481 -1534 -Philippe Villiers l'Isle ( );
*1534-? ;
*1557-1568 - Jean Parisot de la Valette ( ) ;
*1568-1572 - ;
*1572-1582 -Jean de la Cassiere ( -);
*?-1603 - ;
*?-1657 -Lascaris ();
*1657-? -Martin de Redin ( );
*?-1685-? -;
*1697-1720 - ;
?-? -Pinto de Fonseca ( );
*?-1797 - Emmanuel de Rohan ( );
*1797-1798 -Ferdinand von Hompesch ( )
*1798-1801 - (-);
*1803-1805 -Giovanni-Battista Tommasi ( );
*15.6.1805-17.6.1805 -Innico-Maria Guevara-Suardo (- -);
*17.6.1805-5.12.1805 -Giuseppe Caracciolo ( )
*5.12.1805-1814 -Innico-Maria Guevara-Suardo (- -);
*1814-1821 -Andrea di Giovanni e Centelles ( );
*1821-1834 -Antonio Busca a Milanese ( );
*1834-1846 -Carlo Candida ( );
*1846-1865 -Philip von Colloredo ( );
*1865-1872 -Alessandro Borgia ( );
*1872-1905 -Giovanni-Battista Ceschi a Santa Croce (- );
*1905-1931 -Galeazzo von Thun und Hohenstein ( );
*1907-1931 - -Pio Franchi de' Cavalieri ( ');
*1931-1951 -Ludovico Chigi Albani della Rovere ( );
*1951-1955 -Antonio Hercolani-Fava-Simonetti ( -- ).( );
*1955-1962 -Ernesto Paterno Castello di Carcaci ( );( );
*1962-1988 -Angelo Mojana di Cologna ( );
*1988- -Andrew Bertie ( ).
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Guy Stair Sainty , , Gerard Beatified ( ) Martigues 15 1099 (Rector) (Master) .
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2.
1.Guy Stair Sainty.THE SOVEREIGN MILITARY HOSPITALLER ORDER OF MALTA ( www.chivalricorders.org/orders/smom/crusades.htm)
2.., .. . . . 2001.
3.., .. . . . 2002.
4. . . . . . 1998.
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