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, 13 2014 . 00:51 +

В , , , .

 

Jon Gingerich, O’Dwyer’s , 20 , , , .

  , .

20

Who and Whom

Who () – «», «», «», «» «». , . Whom  () «», «», «», «» «». Whom , . , Who «» «», Whom – «» «». , «I consulted an attorney whom I met in New York. cf., I consulted him» ( , . , «»).

Which and That

, . «That» — . , «I don’t trust fruits and vegetables that aren’t organic». . , . «Which» , , , . , «I recommend you eat only organic fruits and vegetables, which are available in area grocery stores». В . Which , that .

Lay and Lie

. Lay – . , . – Lay (, I lay the pencil on the table), – laid (, Yesterday I laid the pencil on the table). Lie – . . – Lie (, The Andes mountains lie between Chile and Argentina) – lay (The man lay waiting for an ambulance). , Lay (, I laid on the bed), Lie (I lay on the bed).

Moot

В Moot - //. , . , «The idea that commercial zoning should be allowed in the residential neighborhood was a moot point for the council» ( , , ).

Continual and Continuous

, . Continual -, . Continuous -, . , «The continual music next door made it the worst night of studying ever» ( , , ) «Her continuous talking prevented him from concentrating» ( ).

Envy and Jealousy

Envy () - . Jealousy () . , . Envy – , , Jealousy – , , .

Nor

Nor . « ». В Nor, . , «Neither the men nor the women were drunk» ( , ). В neither – nor either – or, , Nor , – . , , Or. , «He won’t eat broccoli or asparagus» — .

May and Might

May , Might – . «You may get drunk if you have two shots in ten minutes» (В , 10 ) . «You might get a ticket if you operate a tug boat while drunk» (В , ) – , . , «I may have more wine», , , Might, , . В Might .

Whether and If

, . . Whether , . If , . , «I don’t know whether I’ll get drunk tonight» ( , ) «I can get drunk tonight if I have money for booze» ( , ).

Fewer and Less

Less . Few fewer – , . , «The firm has fewer than ten employees» ( , 10 ) «The firm is less successful now that we have only ten employees» ( , 10 ).

Farther and Further

Farther . Further , . , «I threw the ball ten feet farther than Bill» ( 10 , ) «The financial crisis caused further implications» ( ).

Since and Because

Since , Because – . , «Since I quit drinking I’ve married and had two children»( , ) «Because I quit drinking I no longer wake up in my own vomit» ( , ).

Disinterested and Uninterested

В , . Disinterested () – . , -  , . В . , , . , -, Uninterested.

Anxious

, , «anxious to see your friends». В eager () excited (). To be anxious , , - .

Different Than and Different From

. rather faster – , Than (, /, , , … ..). Different . Different , From, «separate from», «distinct from» «away from». , «My living situation in New York was different from home» ( ). Different Than , Than . , «Development is different in New York than in Los Angeles» ( ).

Bring and Take

Bring Take , . , Bring, – Take. , «take your clothes to the cleaners» ( ), – «bring your clothes to the cleaners» ( ).

Impactful

. Impact (The impact of the crash was severe – ) (The crash impacted my ability to walk or hold a job — ). Impactful – , .

Affect and Effect

, : Affect (, «Facebook affects people’s attention spans»), Effect – (, «Facebook’s effects can also be positive»). Affect   , , / (Effect). . Effect , - . , «My new computer effected a much-needed transition from magazines to Web porn». Affect . , «His lack of affect made him seem like a shallow person».

Irony and Coincidence

, . , Irony () . , «Barbara moved from California to New York to escape California men, but the first man she ended up meeting and falling in love with was a fellow Californian» ( , , ). Coincidence () – , , . , «Barbara moved from California to New York, where she ended up meeting and falling in love with a fellow Californian» ( , , , — ).

Nauseous

. Nauseous () , , . , «That week-old hot dog is nauseous» ( - — ). , «nauseated». , «I was nauseated after falling into that dumpster behind the Planned Parenthood».

, Jon Gingerich « » (The Elements of Style) William Strunk, Jr. and E. B. White».

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