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Linux - 1991 ., , - Windows, Microsoft. Linux? Linux? , , Linux...
Linux, , - UNIX. UNIX 1969 . Bell Labs, AT&T. , 1976 . Bell Labs UNIX (Sixth Edition), V6, . 1979 . , V7.
UNIX V7 AT&T " UNIX" (UNIX Support Group-USG), UNIX System Laboratories (USL). UNIX . USL System III System V, UNIX.
V6 (Computer Systems Research Group - CSRG) Berkeley UNIX, BSD ( Berkeley Software Distribution). 1BSD, 1977 . PDP-11. BSD AT&T, Berkeley UNIX AT&T. UNIX , , BSD AT&T . , CSRG, , .
CSRG UNIX, AT&T Net/2. Net/2 , Berkeley Software Design, Inc. (BSDI), , UNIX. BSDI AT&T: AT&T BSDI , BSDI - Net/2 . BSDI AT&T ( , ).
1992 . AT&T Novell , UNIX. Novell System V UNIXWare, . UNIXWare Santa Crouze Operation, SCO UNIXWare.
1994 . Novell , Net/2 4.4BSD-Lite.
UNIX , , , AT&T BSD, . - UNIX UNIX. , UNIX . UNIX X/Open UNIX, Spec 1170. 1170 (API), UNIX.
UNIX - UNIX , AT&T, , BSD. UNIXWare BSD/OS.
UNIX, DEC, Mach, - BSD UNIX. Mach OSF/1, BSD- UNIX. NEXTSTEP NeXT Computer Mach, OSF/1. DEC UNIX Ultrix - BSD-UNIX.
Solaris ( 2.x) Sun Microsystems AT&T . , SunOS, BSD-. , Sun Microsystems SunOS Solaris 1.X.
IBM UNIX- AIX. AT&T-, BSD- UNIX.
Silicon Graphics IRIX, AT&T UNIX. IRIX BSD-UNIX, IRIX AT&T-.
The Santa Crouse Operation (SCO) Novell UNIXWare, SCO UNIXWare. PC UNIX SCO AT&T UNIX - SVR3.2.
HP-UX Hewlett-Packard, AT&T-, . UNIX Corel, Corel UNIX.
UNIX - NetBSD, 386BSD, FreeBSD, Minix , , Linux.
Linux (torvalds@kruuna.helsinki.fi) . Linux . Minix - UNIX-, , Linux USENET news:comp.os.minix. , , Minix , - , Minix. 5 1991 . "" Linux 0.02. Linux 0.02 , . Linux - Internet. 1992 . 0.95, . 1993 . Linux 0.99.
2.3 Linux, , 2.2.
Linux UNIX i386 i486. Linux ( Windows) 32- , . , . , i486 Linux Sun Microsystems DEC.
Linux UNIX , : IEEE POSIX.1, System V BSD. , UNIX, Internet, Linux. , , , , , Linux . Linux i387, , , .
Linux , . , , . , , , . Linux copy-on-write . , . - , - . copy-on-write : .
Linux . - Minix-1, Xenix, HFS ( Macintosh), HPFS ( OS/2). Linux 4 T, ( UNIX-) ( 255 ). Linux MS-DOS OS/2 FAT - . MS-DOS , UNIX-, , , MS-DOS (, ). MS-DOS 6.0 . Linux ( 2.0) VFAT (WindowsNT Windows 95/98) FAT-32. UMSDOS, Linux MS-DOS. CD-ROM, -.
Linux UNIX-, , , Ethernet ( Novell ) SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol, Internet TCP/IP ), PLIP (Parallel Line Internet Protocol), PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol), NFS (Network File System - , ) . TCP, IPv4, IPv6, AX.25, X.25, DDP (AppleTalk), Netrom . . TCP/IP-FTP, HTTP, telnet, NNTP, SMTP . AppleTalk, NetWare, LAN Manager/Windows Native (SMB). , Linux - UUCP (UNIX-to-UNIX-copy), , UNIX-. UUCP- , TCP/IP. TCP/IP SLIP-, UUCP.
, Linux , . . . Linux ( ). . Linux , , .
Linux (DLL), . . , . , . , DLL . DLL ( ).
Linux , .
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Linux : 80386SX-25, 4 80 . , .
X Window 8 M . , 16 M , . 32 M ( Windows 95/98).
. UNIX- 10 M. RedHat, Debian 60 600 M , . .
- 386 Pentium III, , , Intel, AMD, Cyrix, Texas Instruments . . Linux 80286 , - ELKS (Embeddable Linux Kernel Subset), . Linux Amiga Atari 680x0, DEC Alpha, SPARC, PowerPC, Arm, StrongARM MIPS.
Linux PCI, ISA, EISA VLB. MCA, PS/2, ( ), . , Linux , DOS, Windows . , - , , Linux.
Linux 1 Intel. - Linux. 64 M , 64 M.
Linux . . ( Microsoft) Linux. , Linux ( Borland JBuilder 3.0). , (, Octave MATLAB), (Postgres, Ingres, Mbase), ( MUD Quake 3), ( - StarOffice - " Microsoft Office") .
, , . Linux MS-DOS Emulator, MS-DOS. WINE, Linux-X Windows Windows.
, ( ) . , , - , , . , . (, System Commander), . Linux LILO (LInux LOader). Linux , . , Linux, MS-DOS, Windows 95/98, Linux. .
Linux , - , , , . , Linux - , ( , ), . , Internet, - . - .
, Internet , CD-ROM. , CD-ROM - ftp- - , ( , ).
FTP-, Linux 1.
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Linux, . Linux.
, RedHat. Linux, . RedHat 6.0 - GNOME KDE. UNIX, .
RedHat Black Cat. Linux, RedHat, , ( Black Cat) RedHat. Intranet/Internet, . Linux. RedHat Black Cat , , .
RedHat Linux " ", " " KSI Linux.
, RedHat, Mandrake Linux Mandrakesoft Mandrake Linux Russian Edition, IPLabs. - Linux , .
, , Debian GNU/Linux. , , Debian . , . , .
Linux Slackware Linux. , , Linux.
SuSe Linux Linux . , - . , ( IPLabs). SuSe X- Linux XFree386, , . KDE. SuSe Linux , , - .
www.step.kosnet.ru. , Linux, 2.
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, Linux (Linux User Group), www.lug.ru/.
Internet , Linux. Linux Documentation Project, sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/ www.linuxdoc.org/. , , , . 3.
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, , , Linux, . USENET, Linux. 4.
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, , Linux. www.lug.ru.
Linux , - UNIX. Linux . Linux , . Linux . . Linux , Linux. , Linux, - . Linux - Internet. Linux , , , .
, Linux, UNIX-, . Linux, , , Windows9x, . Linux - " ". - , . , ( C).
Windows9x Linux Microsoft , Linux, , "" Windows NT.
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