|
- . , , - . , . , .
. , , , , , . , . , , . , .
IX . : , , . XIX , , . . 12. , , 13.
( 10 . ) , 2?3 ( 14). . 1954 67% . 2000 21%15. 1972 47% , 1999 29%16.
. , , , - .
, 1950- , , , 1960- 18. 1992 , , , "" . - .
, , , , , . , , . , , , , , , , . : , , , ..19
(, ) - . 400 , , - ( 30-50%)20. - , 4 - , - . . - - , , , , . .
, .
40-59 , , , .
, . , , , ( ) . , - . , 22 , 23 , , 57% 2004 .
, , . , 1970 , 24 (, , ). 25, .
: , . . (, , , , .), , , . , , , , , .
12 - Harrison B. H. Drink and the Victorians: the Temperance Question in England, 1815?1872. Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh University Press, 1971.
13 - Bales R. F. Attitudes towards Drinking in the Irish Culture // Society, Culture and Drinking Patterns. D.J. Pittman and C. R. Snyder eds. NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1962. P. 157-187.
14 - . .: Australian Bureau of Statistics Apparent Consumption of Alcohol, 2003-04, released 27.06.2005, Cat No. 4307.0.55.001. . : National Alcohol Strategy 2006-2009. Towards Safer Drinking Cultures.
15 - Ministry of Health and Social Affairs of Sweden.
16 - Bye E. : 1973-1999 . // . - , 2000.
17 - Preventing Alcohol Related Harm. A Comprehensive Policy for Public Health in Sweden. Stockholm: Regeringskansliet, 2002.
18 - . . : // , 7 , 1978 .
19 - . ., . . . .
20 - . . . . . // . 5, . 18?26, 6, . 27-35, 7, . 24?31, 8, 15?21, 2005.
21 - : Global Alcohol Database (http://www3.who.int/whosis/menu.cfm?path=whosis,alcohol& language=english). . 15.11.2006; : .. ; : . . - (, , , ) // 㳿 9, . 4, 2001. . 6-7; : Brunovskis A., and T. Uglan. Alcohol Consumption in the Baltic States. Oslo // Fafo-paper 4, 2003 (http://www.fafo.no/pub/rapp/702/702.pdf); (PARPA).
22 - EUROMONITOR. Alcoholic Drinks in Estonia. Vilnus, London, Chicago: Euromonitor International 2004; EUROMONITOR. Alcoholic Drinks in Latvia. Vilnus, London, Chicago: Euromonitor International 2004.
23 - EUROMONITOR. Alcoholic Drinks in Lithuania. Vilnus, London, Chicago: Euromonitor International 2004.
24 - . ., . ., . . . " : ", 9 2005 .
25 - .., .., .. . " : ", 9 2005 .
http://demoscope.ru/weekly/2006/0265/tema03.php
: | |