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: 01.12.2004
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24 ...

, 24 2009 . 18:20 +
 (525x700, 97Kb)
3
(Servius Sulpicius Galba)
( 68-69 . ..). , . 68 . ; . , - . 15 69 .

 (602x699, 79Kb)
1167

( 1199 ) . , , II . , . . I , . . - 1207 (), III: 5 , . 1000 . , , . 1215 , , , . - . , . , , . , .

1474
( i; Bartolomeo degli Organi)
, , . 12 1539 .

 (564x699, 103Kb)
1597
II (Honoré II)
(1604-1662). . 1612 . 1619 . " ", . 1605 . , 1641 . . . 14 1641 . II XIII , . 25 , . 1659 . . 1642 . . , 1643 . - . , 22 1642 . XIII . , . . , , . . 10 1662 . , XIV.

1625
(Ahle)
. . ; 1650 , 1654 . . , , . , ; , . 24 . . ; Es ist genug ( BWV 60) , . 9 1673 .

1679
(; Domenico Natale Sarro, Sarri)
. , . 25 1744 .

 (531x699, 117Kb)
1703

, - (1746 .). 1725-1730 . 1733-1741 . . I- II- . 1741 " " - , . . 1715 . , 1721 ., - . 1722 . - , 1725-1730 . . 28 , , , . " ", , , . - , - . - . 1733-1741 . " " , . 49 . 20 1741 ., " ", -- 15 16 55 .21' - , ( ). - 400 , . 58- ( ) . 25 ( ), "C. " . 1-3 , . 5-22 , . , , 75 50; " " , 21 . 10 " " . - 7 1741 . - . 1742 . " " , - . , ( , ). , 1746. , . 1746 . - , 4 1748 . . , , , . - .

1740
( )
. ( , ). . , 1760 . 1763 , . 1766 . .- , 1768 , .. 1768 .-. 1769, 1771. 23 1769. 17711772 (8.63", 8.68"; 8.8"). ; . 1778 , 1770 I, ., . , . , 1770 I . , 1767 9,23 , 0,67 .., 5,6 ; 1779 260 . : , (0,015 ..), (0,006 ..) . 20 . --9 (1993). . , (1772). , 1781 . , , . , ( ). 1771 .- , (1773) (1774), 1776 - , (1783). . 11 1784 . : .. 1959 . 1959 . , 1958; .. . , 1994, 2

1740

, , , . . 1756 ( ). ( ) ( ). 1763 De gravidarum, parturientium et puerperarum convulsionibus (Argentorati, 1763 .). 1763 - . , . . 1769 , 1770 . , . , 1770 1772 ., (, 1775 . ), II. 1776 - . 1781 . , , 1851 . . 1798 () , 8 1811 .

 (543x699, 159Kb)
1754
(George Crabbe)
. ( ) . , , , . 13 , . ( 1783) . 1774 , . (The Library). , . , , (The Village) 1783. ( ). 1785 (The Newspaper); , (The Parish Register), 1807. . . . , (The Borough, 1810), (Tales in Verse, 1812) (Tales of the Hall, 1819). , , , . , , , . 1813 ( ). , . 3 1832 .

 (535x699, 69Kb)
1756

, , . II , I , 1801 , XVII XVIII . , , , . 27 1833 .

 (565x699, 200Kb)
1761
III ( - سليم ثالث‎ Selîm-i sâlis , - Üçüncü Selim)
(7 1789 29 1807). III; 1789 . -, . . , 1792 . . . 1798 . . , 1802 ., . , , , . - ( - Nizam-ı Cedid ), - . , , . , IV, - I (1807); , . , , , , . 28 1808 .

 (696x699, 205Kb)
1773
¸ (Joseph Wölfl)
. . , , , . , , ¸. , . , ¸ . . ¸ , . 21 1812 .

1782
(Charles Hubert Millevoye)
. (1800). ( , , ), (, .). ( , ), . . -. .., .., .., .., ... . 26 1816 .

1789

, . - . 10 (1 1800 .). . 6 1803 . 13 1807 . . 21 , , (15 1808 .). (12 1814 .) (12 1820 .) 4- (14 1822 .) 2- (18 1826 .). 7 1829 . . 19 1843 . ( 53 ) . ; . " " " " ; : 1) " , " (" " 1810 ., 9); 2) " " ( , 10); 3) " ", , 1813 .; 4) " ", , 1813 .; 5) " ", , 1813 .; 6) " " (" " 1814 ., 2); 7) " " (" ", 1814 ., 11, ); 8) " , 1812 ", 1814 ., , 3, 5, 6 7; 9) " " (" ", 1816 ., 3); 10) " " ( 1817 .). : "", " " 1809 ., "" 1810 ., " " 1816 ., "" 1820 ., " " 1820, 1822, 1825 1827 ., " " 1821, 1822 1825. ., " " 1822 1826 . " " 1827 1829 . : "" 1826 ., " " 1827 ., " " 1827 ., "" 1830 ., "" 1831 . "" 1831 . ( 4 ). : 1) , " " (, 1819 .); 2) , "", (, 1823 .); 3) " , ", (, 1825 .). 7 1827 . ; 10 " " ( " ", VII, 21). , " " (, 1827 .); , , , , , . " . "; " ", I; ( , 1829 ., 1- , 587); .., " " (" - " 1911 ., 12, 55, 59); ., " ..", , 2, 373413 ( " " " "); , " ", II, 12715, 15393, 16012, 16728; , " "; -, " ", XVI; , " ", ( , .

 (597x699, 148Kb)
1791
(Augustin Eugène Scribe)
. . , . . (Bertrand et Raton, 1833), (Le Verre d'eau, 1840), (Adrienne Lecouvreur, 1849). , - . .. 20 1861 .

 (476x698, 557Kb)
1798
(Adam Mickiewicz)
, - . ( ) . 1819 . 1822 1823 , . 1824 ; , -; 1829 . BR> " " (Sonety krymskie, 1826) " " (Konrad Wallenrod, 1828), . 18291831 , , , . 18301831, 1832 , . 18321834 : 3- "" (Dziady) " " (Pan Tadeusz). , , : , . 1812; , . " " . 1840 . 1841 ., . 1845 , 1852 . 1855 , . , 26 1855 . 1890 .

1800

, . " " "" . " ", " " - " " (1837-38), -. . "" (1836) " " (1846).

1804

, (1838-1839; 1839-1841; 1842-1844).

1809

, , , . , ; , , . 1840- . . . , . 1853 . , . 1860- ; 1864 . 1866 , . . 23 1868 .

 (463x698, 203Kb)
1818
(James Prescott Joule)
. . . , , ., 19 . 1838 (Annals of Electricity) , 1840 , 1842 . , , ( 1842 ..). , , , . 1843 : , . , , , . (4,5 / ), (1844), (1845) .. . , , , . 1847 . . ( ). . , , , . , , (1852), (1866), (1880). 1872 1877 . 11 1889 .

1821

, , . 1860 1875. , 1848, , ; . , , , , . 1873 . 6 1875 .
1822

, . " ", " ", " ", " " . ( " ", 1869; " ", 1873). , , . .. , ( " ", 1887). , , " ". " " ( 1-2, 1865, 1888).

1822

, . (1841) (1852). (1855). - , 1856 . , . . . (1859) . 1861-1865 . . (1863), , . 1865 . - , .

1822
(Charles Hermite)
. IV. 1841 , , 1847. 1848 , 1870 . 1856, 1873. , . , , . ( ), ( ). e (1873); . , , p. (Sur la rsolution de l`quatia du cinquime degr, 1858). 14 1901 .

1824
( - )
. 1863. -, " " (1866) " " (1867). Ÿ 1860-1880- . - , . , , . , , , . . " " (1870) " , " (1872) . . 1945 - . 11 1886 . 1946 .

1824

. .. ( .). . (1858), 19 . - " " (1858). ( . . " ", 1856) - .

1829



1834

- . . . (" ", " ", " ") , , - ( , ., 1876 ), . 22 1895 .

1837

. 24 , , . , .

1837
( )
. ; . 1854 I, , . , -, . , 1867, . II , . 10 1898 .

 (700x606, 40Kb)
1837
(Hans von Marées)
. . (1854-1855). 1864-1870 1873 . - , ( , 1873-1874). . . (. . ), " " , (" ", 2 , 1879-1885). - , , ; "". , , (" ", 1880-1881; "", 1884-87). 5 1887 .

1842



1843
( - )
. , , . (1870), ... (1872) .

1845
I ( I)
, IX ( ). . - . 30 1863 I. 13 1863 , . 1881 . I 1- (19121913). 18 1913 .

1847

-. (1870). 1879 . , 1881 . . . , , . (1896) . (1905) . .

1851
,
. - 1870-1871 . 1911 . - 1- 1913 . - , . , , 1915 . 1916 . - . . 1919-1923 . - .

1854

, (1892-1898).

1854

-. , 1879 . . 1881 . .. , , , . . , . . 1887 . , 1900 . , .

1858

, (1914-1914).

 (497x698, 43Kb)
1862

, (). . , (; 18771888), .. ... . , ( 1903). 1922 . . (, , 1887, ) , , - ( , 18921893, ). , - ( , 1916, ). ( , 1930; , 1940; ). - ( .., 1947), , , . 1943. : 1894 . 28 1958 . (1963).

1863

. - . , , . 1901 . . 1904, 1914-1917, 1918-1919 . - . 1905 . - . 1919 . - . 1919-1920, 1924 . . 6 1929 . - . 30- . . . . .

1865
()
. -. " " , 1888 -, ( ). , , ( 1899) , -. , 1905, , . 1923 (), . 5 1935 .

 (523x699, 167Kb)
1866
-
, ( 1927). 1889 , , 1890 . 1895 " " - . 1898-1900 , , . 1902 . 1920 . 1921 , . , "" . -. 1895 , , ... 1925 . , , . 20 1937 .

1867
Ը
, (1934). - (1890), (1893) . 1911 . - . (1908) , 1914 . - ( 1930 . - 1- ). . , , , . , . . . .

1867

- (1945-1945).

 (518x698, 166Kb)
1867

. 1888 . . , 1894-1915 . . 1894 . -, ; , , ( ). , , ( , .). (1914). . 19 1915 .

 (418x699, 64Kb)
1868
(Emanuel Lasker)
(18941921). , ( , ) . . , 12- . 1888 . 6- (1889) , 1889, 2- . . (+11=1), . (+5=3), . (+72=3) . (+2=3). (, 1892), . 8:2 (+6=4) . 5:0. ., , , , 1- . , 1892 . . 7:3 (+62=2), 1893 100% , 4,5 . . 1894 -, . , , , , , . , . 4 . 12:7 (+105=4) , . , , , 32 . (1895) . ., 3 : . .. - . , , 2 . - (, 1896/97) 12,5:4,5 (+102=5). (, 1896) , , , . , , 1899, 4,5 . , 1900. . 4 , -, 1904 - ., 2 ., 1907 11,5:3,5 (+8=7). , 1908 . , , 8 10,5:5,5 (+83=5). 1909 - . , 1910, , 10 . 5:5 (+11=8). , 30 , - 10. , , 2 . . (, 1910), -, , +8=3. 10- . ... 1914 . 2- , 5 . , 1,5 , , +101=7. 1914 , . 1921. , , +04=10. -, 1923, - (1924), . (1925), . , - , (1935). , (19351937) , -, 13 1941 . . , , , (.).

 (504x699, 114Kb)
1868
(Richard Teichmann)
. , 1894 , , , , . 1911 ( , , ), . , , , , , -, . 12 1925 .

1869
Ը
, ... (1893) ( 1902 . - , ). (" ", 1901) .

1870

. ... . . 1900 . , . 1906 . , 1910 . 1912 . ( 1925 . - ). .., , , . . .., , . . , (1954).

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