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, 06 2011 . 14:30 () +

, 1994 ., 1995 , 1996 ., 1997 .

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, 17 2011 . 12:28 () +
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26 2011

, 09 2011 . 13:41 () +

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, 27 2011 . 10:08 () +

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PICT8679 (700x525, 180Kb)

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, 27 2011 . 09:25 () +

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*Alliance de Chevalerie des Hospitaliers de Saint Jean de Jerusalem - C .

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*Religious Military Order of the Roman Catholic Church- ;
*Order of Saint John - ;
*Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Malta- ;
*Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta - ;
*The Chivalric Alliance of Hospitallers of Saint John of Jerusalem - ;
*The Order of St.John of Jerusalem - . ;
*The Order of the Knights of Malta - ;
*Sovereign Military Order- .

S.M.H.O.M.- Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Malta.

Sovereign Military Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and Malta (, ) 1936 . Hospitaller () XIX   . Sovereign ()   1800 , ; Military () of Malta () , .

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*1070 (1080?,1099 ?) -1120 - Gerard Beatified ( );
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*?-1441-? -de Lastic ( );
*? -1476-? -Helion Villeneuve ( )
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*1481 -1534 -Philippe Villiers l'Isle ( );
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*1568-1572 - ;
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*1797-1798 -Ferdinand von Hompesch ( )
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*1803-1805 -Giovanni-Battista Tommasi ( );
*15.6.1805-17.6.1805 -Innico-Maria Guevara-Suardo (- -);
*17.6.1805-5.12.1805 -Giuseppe Caracciolo ( )
*5.12.1805-1814 -Innico-Maria Guevara-Suardo (- -);
*1814-1821 -Andrea di Giovanni e Centelles ( );
*1821-1834 -Antonio Busca a Milanese ( );
*1834-1846 -Carlo Candida ( );
*1846-1865 -Philip von Colloredo ( );
*1865-1872 -Alessandro Borgia ( );
*1872-1905 -Giovanni-Battista Ceschi a Santa Croce (- );
*1905-1931 -Galeazzo von Thun und Hohenstein ( );
*1907-1931 - -Pio Franchi de' Cavalieri ( ');
*1931-1951 -Ludovico Chigi Albani della Rovere ( );
*1951-1955 -Antonio Hercolani-Fava-Simonetti ( -- ).( );
*1955-1962 -Ernesto Paterno Castello di Carcaci ( );( );
*1962-1988 -Angelo Mojana di Cologna ( );
*1988- -Andrew Bertie ( ).

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    (Church of Saint John the Baptist)    (Church of the Holy Sepulcher)   (Abbey of Santa Maria Latina).

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orden-gospital-6 (103x281, 11Kb)

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, 27 2011 . 08:55 () +

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PICT8722 (525x700, 144Kb) PICT8725 (525x700, 158Kb)

PICT8721 (525x700, 123Kb)

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, 22 2011 . 23:25 () +
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, 30 2011 . 08:14 () +
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: 19/04/2011 19:27

 

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